annals

/ˈænlz/ (bre, ipa) · [ˈænəlz] /ˈænlz/ (ame, ipa)

annals — noun

1. the written records that preserve the story of a nation, organization, or field

1.名詞B2
釋義

the written records that preserve the story of a nation, organization, or field of interest, especially when the events are arranged by the year in which they happened

例句

The moon landing of 1969 will be remembered in the annals of space exploration for centuries.

passive: be remembered in the annals of [field]

Shirin found her grandfather's name in the annals of the local historical society.

同義詞
  • chronicles

    more personal or narrative in tone; can be singular; annals are usually official and strictly chronological

  • records

    more general term; annals are a specific type of record arranged by year

  • archives

    focuses on the physical collection of documents rather than the narrative record

文法句型

in/into the annals of [nation/field/institution]

annals + plural verb

the annals of [group]

用法筆記

Always takes a plural verb: 'the annals are', not 'the annals is'. Frequently found in the fixed phrase 'in/into the annals of' followed by a field, nation, or institution.

常見錯誤

❌The annals of the war is kept in the national archive.
✅The annals of the war are kept in the national archive.
💡annals is always plural and requires a plural verb.
❌He wrote an annal of his travels through Asia.
✅He wrote an account of his travels through Asia in the annals of the geographical society.
💡the singular 'annal' is extremely rare in modern English; use 'annals' as a plural noun.

2. a word used in the names of academic journals that publish research articles on

2.名詞B2
釋義

a word used in the names of academic journals that publish research articles on a particular subject

例句

Dr. Samir Patel published his latest findings in the Annals of Internal Medicine last spring.

collocation: published in the Annals of [field]

The Annals of the American Academy carried a report on urban poverty in Southeast Asia.

同義詞
  • journal

    a broader term for any academic periodical; 'Annals' is one specific type of journal title

  • review

    often used in the same way, e.g. 'Quarterly Review'; 'Annals' emphasises yearly records

文法句型

the Annals of [academic field]

published in the Annals of [field]

用法筆記

In journal titles 'Annals' is always capitalised and followed by 'of' plus the field of study. The full title functions as a proper noun.

常見錯誤

❌She submitted her article to the annuals of science.
✅She submitted her article to the Annals of Science.
💡'annals' is not the same as 'annuals' (yearly plants or yearly publications).

3. the written records kept by a society or other organized group of its activities

3.名詞B2
釋義

the written records kept by a society or other organized group of its activities, achievements, and members

例句

The club's annals show that Sari was the first woman elected as president in 1987.

pattern: [possessive] annals show that [fact]

The medical society's annals record that Dr. Luca Rossi served as secretary for twelve years.

同義詞
  • minutes

    more specific — official records of a meeting; annals cover the full scope of activities over time

  • proceedings

    typically published reports of conferences or meetings; annals are broader and may include achievements

  • records

    general term that includes any kind of documentation

文法句型

the annals of the [organization]

[organization]'s annals

according to the annals

用法筆記

The subject of the sentence is typically an organisation (society, institute, club, academy). The possessive form is common: 'the society's annals' or 'the annals of the society.'

常見錯誤

❌The institute's annal for 2023 records the annual budget.
✅The institute's annals for 2023 record the annual budget.
💡use the plural form 'annals' even when referring to a single year's record.