bedrock
/ˈbedrɒk/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈbedrɑːk/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈbed-ˌräk -ˈräk/ (ame, mw)
bedrock — noun
1. the hard, solid layer of rock that lies underneath the soil, sand, and other loo
the hard, solid layer of rock that lies underneath the soil, sand, and other loose materials on the earth's surface.
The construction crew drilled through three meters of topsoil before hitting solid bedrock.
hitting solid bedrock
Wei's house is built on a foundation anchored directly to the bedrock.
The river eroded the soft soil above the bedrock, exposing the gray stone beneath.
Geologists studied the bedrock to determine how old the mountain range was.
Engineers need to know how deep the bedrock lies before they design the bridge supports.
- base rock
more technical, used in engineering reports
- substratum
formal, refers to any layer beneath another, not exclusively rock
- foundation rock
specifically the rock layer that supports buildings
- topsoil
the loose surface soil above bedrock
- surface sediment
unconsolidated material on top of the rock layer
用法筆記
Common in geology and construction contexts. Frequently appears with prepositions 'on' (built on bedrock), 'into' (drill into bedrock), or 'through' (dig through bedrock).
常見錯誤
2. the set of basic principles, facts, or qualities that form the strongest possibl
the set of basic principles, facts, or qualities that form the strongest possible support for an idea, system, relationship, or organization.
Trust is the bedrock of any healthy relationship between two people.
the bedrock of any healthy relationship
Sanjay believes that a good education forms the bedrock of a successful career.
The constitution serves as the bedrock of the country's legal system.
Respect for human rights is the bedrock upon which this community was founded.
Honesty remained the bedrock of the Watanabe family's values for generations.
- foundation
more general; can be used for both concrete and abstract supports
- cornerstone
emphasizes that something is the first and most essential element
- basis
more logical or factual; the starting point of an argument
- footing
suggests stability within a shifting context
- surface
something shallow or without depth
- superstructure
what is built on top of the foundation, not the foundation itself
用法筆記
Subject is typically an abstract noun such as trust, education, respect, or honesty. Frequently appears in the structure 'the bedrock of [abstract concept]'. The verb 'form' or 'serve as' commonly accompanies it.
常見錯誤
bedrock — adjective
- bedrockpositive
- more bedrockcomparative
- most bedrocksuperlative
1. forming the most basic and essential part of something, so that everything else
forming the most basic and essential part of something, so that everything else depends on it.
The company's bedrock principle is putting customer safety before profit.
bedrock principle
Amara learned bedrock values like honesty and hard work from her grandmother.
This textbook covers the bedrock concepts that every beginner needs to understand.
The course teaches bedrock skills such as reading, writing, and basic math.
A reliable internet connection is now a bedrock requirement for working from home.
- fundamental
more common and less emphatic; suitable for any register
- core
refers to the central part of something, very similar in strength
- basic
simpler and weaker; can describe entry-level items, not just essentials
- superficial
relating to the surface, not the substance
- trivial
of little importance, the opposite of fundamental
- optional
not essential or required
文法句型
bedrock + noun
用法筆記
Always used attributively — placed directly before the noun it modifies. Common in formal or academic writing. Not used after linking verbs (❌ 'This principle is bedrock').