caused
caused — verb
- causedpresent simple I / you / we / they
- causeds3rd person singular
- causeding-ing form
- causededpast simple
1. Past tense and past participle of 'cause'; brought about an event, change, or pr
Past tense and past participle of 'cause'; brought about an event, change, or problem.
A loose wire caused a brief fire behind the kitchen wall.
caused + result noun for an event
Heavy rain caused a two-hour delay on the mountain road.
caused + delay/problem noun
The broken freezer caused a bad smell in the small fish shop.
Christopher's careless joke caused silence around the dinner table.
- triggered
often suggests a quick starting point rather than a broad cause
- led to
can sound less direct and more gradual
- brought about
more formal; often used in writing about change
- prevented
stopped the event or problem from happening
文法句型
caused + result noun
caused + damage/delay/problem
用法筆記
The subject is often an action, event, object, or remark, and the result usually names a problem, effect, or change. Distinguish from sense 2, which is followed by a person or group plus a to-infinitive.
常見錯誤
2. Past tense and past participle of 'cause'; made a person or group act in a certa
Past tense and past participle of 'cause'; made a person or group act in a certain way because of an order, pressure, or force.
The judge's order caused the landlord to repay the missing deposit.
caused + person + to-infinitive after authority
A second inspection caused the factory to replace its unsafe filter.
pressure or inspection causes action
The threat of another fine caused the owner to close the noisy bar.
Months of drought caused many farmers to sell their weakest cattle.
- allowed
gave permission instead of pushing someone into action
文法句型
caused + person/group + to + verb
用法筆記
This sense normally uses the pattern 'caused someone to do something'. The source of pressure may be an order, threat, rule, or hard condition. Distinguish from sense 1, which usually names the result directly as a noun.