defaulted
Word family
Synonym discussion
Sense: verb/1
When you default on something, you fail to meet a formal, legally binding obligation — most often a loan repayment. Fail is the broadest of these words: you can fail an exam, fail to arrive on time, or fail a friend, and none of those carry legal weight. Breach is narrower and more technical; it names the act of breaking a specific clause of a contract, and lawyers use it where ordinary speakers would say default. Neglect suggests a slow, careless slide into non-performance — a neglected duty erodes over time through inattention, whereas a loan default can happen the moment a single payment is missed. Reneging is about going back on a promise or commitment, usually in personal or informal settings ('she reneged on her offer to help'), and it carries a note of moral disapproval that the legal term default does not. Choose default when the obligation is financial, the framework is legal, and the consequence is serious: 'The company defaulted on its bonds, triggering a sell-off.'
Common collocations
Phrases
- by default
- in default
- go into default
Etymology
Default came into English through Anglo-French defaute, meaning 'lack' or 'failure,' from the Old French verb defaillir ('to fail, to be lacking'). That verb was built from Latin de- ('away, from') plus fallere ('to deceive, to fail'). The computing sense — a value a machine picks when no choice is made — is a 20th-century development, drawing on the older idea of something happening 'in the absence of' an active decision.
First known use
14th century
14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1 Verb