delirium

/dɪˈlɪriəm/ (bre, ipa) · /dɪˈlɪriəm/ (ame, ipa) · /di-ˈlir-ē-əm/ (ame, mw)

delirium — noun

1. a temporary medical condition in which a person has confused thoughts, cannot sp

1.名詞B2
釋義

a temporary medical condition in which a person has confused thoughts, cannot speak clearly, and may see or hear things that are not real, usually caused by a high fever, a serious illness, or the effects of drugs or alcohol

例句

Zayd's fever was so high that he slipped into delirium, talking to people who were not in the room.

slipped into delirium — verb + preposition pattern for onset

The elderly patient was in delirium for two days after her surgery, unable to recognize her own daughter.

in delirium — prepositional phrase describing current state

同義詞
  • feverishness

    more general; refers to the physical symptom rather than the full mental state

  • hallucination

    focuses only on seeing/hearing unreal things, not the broader confusion state

  • disorientation

    a milder symptom; delirium includes disorientation plus other features

反義詞
  • lucidity

    the state of being clear-minded and able to think normally

文法句型

delirium (caused by/from [cause])

in delirium

delirium + of + [cause]

用法筆記

In medical use, delirium is a specific clinical diagnosis (DSM-5), not simply confusion or disorientation. Distinguish from sense 1 (MEDICAL CONFUSION) versus sense 2 (WILD EXCITEMENT) by context: the medical sense is always associated with illness, drugs, or physiological causes.

常見錯誤

He was in a delirium from winning the lottery.' (when describing a medical state)
He was delirious with joy after winning the lottery.
💡'delirium' in the medical sense should not be used for non-pathological excitement; use sense 2 or the adjective 'delirious' instead.

2. a feeling of wild excitement, extreme happiness, or intense emotional energy tha

2.名詞C1
釋義

a feeling of wild excitement, extreme happiness, or intense emotional energy that takes hold of a person, especially during a celebration, a thrilling event, or a moment of great success

例句

The crowd was in a delirium of excitement when Madison scored the winning goal in the final minute.

in a delirium of [emotion] — prepositional pattern for figurative sense

Ryo experienced a brief delirium of joy when he heard that his music album had reached number one.

delirium of joy — common noun + of + emotion collocation

同義詞
  • ecstasy

    more spiritual or profound; can imply a trance-like state

  • frenzy

    more agitated and uncontrolled; can have a negative edge

  • euphoria

    longer-lasting; often drug-induced or medical in tone

  • elation

    milder and more restrained than 'delirium'

反義詞
  • calm

    a state of quietness and emotional control

文法句型

delirium of [emotion/noun]

in a delirium of [emotion]

用法筆記

When used figuratively, delirium is always an extreme state — it would not describe mild enjoyment or ordinary happiness. Subject is typically a person or a crowd; the emotion is specified with 'of' (e.g., 'delirium of joy').

常見錯誤

I felt a small delirium when I got a good grade.
I felt a delirium of joy when I won the competition.
💡'delirium' implies an intense, overwhelming feeling, not a mild positive emotion.