dysfunctionally

1.副詞C2

釋義

Describes how a family, team, or organisation operates when broken patterns of communication or behaviour prevent it from working well.

例句

The Fletcher family was <hl>dysfunctionally</hl> run; parents rarely spoke openly to their children.

passive: be dysfunctionally + past participle (run)

The sales team was <hl>dysfunctionally</hl> organised; each worker did their own tasks alone.

passive: be dysfunctionally + past participle (organised)

同義詞

unhealthily
less formal; focuses on harmful emotional or relational patterns rather than systemic failure
maladaptively
more clinical; used in psychology for coping behaviours that make a problem worse
inadequately
broader; does not carry the relational or systemic meaning of dysfunctionally

反義詞

functionally
direct opposite; describes healthy, efficient operation
effectively
near opposite; focuses on achieving desired results

文法句型

operate/behave/run + dysfunctionally

be dysfunctionally + past participle

用法筆記

This is the adverb form of dysfunctional, commonly used in psychology, organisational behaviour, and family therapy to describe how systems, groups, or relationships operate in a harmful or ineffective way. It is a formal term and appears more often in academic or clinical writing than in everyday speech.

常見錯誤

❌The team worked dysfunctionally' (when meaning simply 'poorly').

✅The team worked dysfunctionally, with members hiding information from each other.

💡'dysfunctionally' implies a deep pattern of broken relationships or systems, not just low-quality output.