est

est — adjective

IPA/ˌiːˌɛstˈiː/
KK[ˈɛst]IPA/ˈɛst/
  • estpositive
  • estercomparative
  • estestsuperlative

1. used in writing before a number, amount, or figure to show that the value has be

1.形容詞B1
釋義

used in writing before a number, amount, or figure to show that the value has been calculated approximately rather than measured exactly

例句

The repairs will cost an est. $15,000 to complete the work.

est. + [cost/amount] before a number

Est. time of arrival is 2:30 PM, assuming no traffic delays.

est. + 'time of arrival' (ETA pattern)

同義詞
  • approx.

    also an abbreviation for 'approximately'; used before numbers, but est. is more common with financial or time figures

反義詞
  • exact

    est. indicates a rough calculation, whereas exact means the precise, verified number

文法句型

est. + [number/amount/quantity]

用法筆記

always written with a full stop (est.) in formal text; spoken as the full word 'estimated'

常見錯誤

❌The est. cost 15,000 dollars.
✅The est. cost is 15,000 dollars.
💡est. modifies the noun 'cost'; the sentence still needs a main verb.
❌EST 500 people attended the event.
✅Est. 500 people attended the event.
💡the abbreviation for 'estimated' uses a lowercase e and a full stop.

2. used in writing before a year to indicate when a company, institution, building,

2.形容詞B1
釋義

used in writing before a year to indicate when a company, institution, building, or organisation was first founded or opened

例句

The university library, est. 1921, holds over two million books.

est. + year at the end of a noun phrase

This family-run hotel, est. 1875, is one of the oldest in the region.

同義詞
  • founded

    used in full sentences rather than as an abbreviation; est. is reserved for written labels and signs

反義詞
  • closed

    est. marks the beginning of an institution; closed marks its end

文法句型

est. + [year]

用法筆記

typically placed after the noun it modifies, before the year; commonly seen on company signs, logos, and plaques

常見錯誤

❌The hospital was est. 1963.
✅The hospital was established in 1963.
💡est. is a written abbreviation; in full sentences, use the full word 'established'.

est — abbreviation

IPA/ˌiː es ˈtiː/
KK[ˈɛst]IPA/ˌiː es ˈtiː/