guilt

/ɡɪlt/ (bre, ipa) · /ɡɪlt/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈgilt/ (ame, mw)

guilt — noun

1. the painful awareness that you have harmed someone or broken a moral rule — a pr

1.名詞B2
釋義

the painful awareness that you have harmed someone or broken a moral rule — a private feeling of self-blame accompanied by a wish to undo the act.

例句

After yelling at her daughter, Gita felt a wave of guilt that kept her awake.

feel a wave of guilt (collocation)

Jin felt gnawing guilt over lying about his math grade after his mother thanked him for trying.

gnawing guilt (collocation)

同義詞
  • remorse

    stronger than guilt; implies deep, painful regret combined with a desire not to repeat the wrong

  • contrition

    more formal and often used in religious contexts; emphasizes sincere repentance

  • self-reproach

    the act of blaming oneself, often used in psychological or literary writing

反義詞
  • pride

    a feeling of satisfaction with one's actions; the opposite emotional state

  • self-satisfaction

    contentment with oneself, where guilt would involve self-criticism

文法句型

feel guilt

guilt about/over something

guilt of doing something

用法筆記

Unlike 'shame,' which often involves others knowing about the wrongdoing or public exposure, guilt is a private feeling of self-blame. Commonly appears with verbs such as 'feel,' 'carry,' 'be filled with,' and 'struggle with.' Frequently uncountable; rarely used in the plural.

常見錯誤

I felt great shame about lying to my mother' (when no one else knew the lie).
I felt great guilt about lying to my mother.
💡'Shame' implies that others are aware of your wrongdoing; 'guilt' is an internal, private emotion.

2. the legal or factual finding that a person broke a law or did wrong — the direct

2.名詞B2
釋義

the legal or factual finding that a person broke a law or did wrong — the direct opposite of innocence in a court or in moral judgment.

例句

The prosecutor had to prove the defendant's guilt beyond any reasonable doubt.

prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt (legal collocation)

The evidence at the scene clearly pointed to Adina's guilt in the theft case.

同義詞
  • culpability

    formal legal term; emphasizes responsibility and fault

  • blame

    less formal and broader than 'guilt'; can apply without a legal charge

  • responsibility

    focuses on accountability rather than moral failing

反義詞
  • innocence

    the state of not having committed the wrongdoing in question

文法句型

prove guilt

admit guilt

establish guilt

用法筆記

The opposite of 'innocence.' In legal contexts, guilt is a judgment that follows a verdict or a plea. Frequently paired with verbs: 'prove,' 'establish,' 'admit,' 'confess,' 'deny,' 'determine.' Not used with emotional adjectives such as 'deep' or 'overwhelming' — those belong to sense 1.

常見錯誤

The lawyer had to prove the deep guilt of her client.
The lawyer had to prove the legal guilt of her client.
💡Sense 1 emotional adjectives (deep, overwhelming) should not be used for this factual/legal sense.

3. statements or remarks made to someone on purpose, aimed at making that person fe

3.名詞C1
釋義

statements or remarks made to someone on purpose, aimed at making that person feel guilty — typically to get them to change their behavior or agree to a request.

例句

Kemi's aunt lays guilt on her by saying, 'I suppose you have forgotten your family.'

lays guilt on someone (idiomatic phrase)

Putri walked out when her brother laid guilt on her for missing his championship game.

lay guilt on someone (idiomatic phrase)

同義詞
  • reproach

    more formal and direct; can be used without the manipulative tone

  • criticism

    broader; focuses on pointing out faults rather than inducing guilty feelings

反義詞
  • encouragement

    positive language meant to support rather than induce guilt

  • praise

    expression of approval rather than blame

文法句型

guilt about something

lay guilt on someone

guilt trip

用法筆記

Used almost always in fixed expressions such as 'guilt trip' (noun), 'lay a guilt trip on someone,' or the shorter 'lay guilt on someone.' This sense is informal and idiomatic — it names the manipulative talk itself, not the feeling that results from it.

guilt — verb