high

IPA/hˈaɪ/
KK[hˈaɪ]IPA/hˈaɪ/

high — adjective

  • highpositive
  • highercomparative
  • highestsuperlative

1. extending a significant way upwards from the ground or base, or possessing a spe

1.adjectiveA2
Definition

extending a significant way upwards from the ground or base, or possessing a specific measurement of vertical height

Example

The workers climbed the high ladder to repair the broken streetlights on the main road.

measurement pattern: be [number] high

Our new dining room features a high ceiling that makes the small space feel open.

Common collocations
  • high mountain
  • high wall
  • reach high shelves
Synonyms
  • tall

    tall describes thin or upright objects; high describes things extending from a base

Antonyms

Usage Note

Used for both absolute position and measurement. When used for measurement, it typically follows the dimension (e.g., two meters high).

Common Mistakes

Using 'tall' for inanimate objects like buildings when the focus is on the measurement itself.

2. surpassing standard or typical measurements in scale, intensity, or magnitude

2.adjectiveB1
Definition

surpassing standard or typical measurements in scale, intensity, or magnitude

Example

The engine reached a high speed while he was driving along the empty country highway.

collocation: high speed / high level

Several departments reported a high number of visitors during the annual autumn arts and crafts festival.

Common collocations
  • high prices
  • high speed
  • high temperature
Synonyms
  • elevated

    more formal and often used for status or physical position

Antonyms

Usage Note

Collocates strongly with nouns representing quantities, levels, or abstract intensities.

Common Mistakes

Using 'tall' instead of 'high' for abstract concepts like prices or levels.

3. featuring a substantial concentration or presence of a specific element

3.adjectiveC1
Definition

featuring a substantial concentration or presence of a specific element

Example

I try to eat foods that are not high in sugar to maintain my healthy lifestyle.

pattern: high in + substance

The soil in this valley is naturally high in minerals, which helps our local vineyards grow.

Common collocations
  • high protein
  • high fat
  • high sugar
Synonyms
  • rich

    implies abundance of specific ingredients

Antonyms

Usage Note

Almost exclusively used in the pattern 'high in [substance]'.

Common Mistakes

Saying 'the food is high with fat' instead of 'high in fat'.

4. reflecting excellent ethical values or superior standards of behavior

4.adjectiveB1
Definition

reflecting excellent ethical values or superior standards of behavior

Example

She is recognized by the community as a woman of high principles who always helps others.

collocation: high standards / high principles

The organization expects a high standard of professional conduct from all its newly hired junior staff.

Common collocations
  • high standards
  • high morals
  • high ideals
Synonyms
  • noble

    refers specifically to character rather than standard

Antonyms

Usage Note

Describes moral quality or excellence of conduct.

Common Mistakes

Confusing 'high standards' (quality expectations) with 'high status' (social rank).

5. describing weather conditions characterized by powerful, forceful air movement

5.adjectiveB2
Definition

describing weather conditions characterized by powerful, forceful air movement

Example

The ferry canceled its morning trip because high winds made crossing the harbor far too dangerous.

weather collocation: high winds

Forecasters are warning residents to stay indoors due to high winds expected to hit the coast.

Common collocations
  • high winds
  • high seas
Synonyms
  • strong

    can describe force, but high emphasizes the intensity scale

Antonyms

Usage Note

Commonly used in meteorological contexts to describe velocity or force of movement.

Common Mistakes

Using 'strong' as the only descriptor; 'high winds' is the preferred fixed collocation.

6. occupying a senior role or possessing significant social or political influence

6.adjectiveB2
Definition

occupying a senior role or possessing significant social or political influence

Example

She currently holds a high office within the Ministry of Finance after years of dedicated service.

collocation: high office / high position

The diplomat is known for having friends in high places who can help resolve regional conflicts.

Common collocations
  • high official
  • high office
  • high society
Synonyms
Antonyms

Usage Note

Refers to power, rank, or seniority in social or professional hierarchies.

Common Mistakes

Using 'tall' to describe people of high rank.

7. describing a sound or voice with a sharp pitch rather than a deep one

7.adjectiveB2
Definition

describing a sound or voice with a sharp pitch rather than a deep one

Example

The young opera singer struggled to hit the high notes during her final performance tonight.

sound collocation: high notes

The baby started crying with a high pitch that could be heard down the entire hallway.

Common collocations
  • high pitch
  • high frequency
Synonyms
  • shrill

    implies an unpleasant or piercing quality

Antonyms

Usage Note

Used for pitch/frequency in acoustics.

Common Mistakes

Using 'loud' when referring to the frequency (pitch) rather than volume.

8. suffering from decomposition to the point of being inedible and producing a foul

8.adjectiveC1
Definition

suffering from decomposition to the point of being inedible and producing a foul odor

Example

Throw away that piece of chicken because it smells quite high and might cause food poisoning.

predicate use: smell high

The game meat has been hanging too long and now it is starting to get high.

Common collocations
  • high game
  • high meat
Synonyms
  • rotten

    a more direct, common term for spoiled food

Antonyms

Usage Note

Specifically denotes the smell of decaying meat. Very restricted usage.

Common Mistakes

Interpreting this as 'high quality' when it actually means 'spoiled'.

9. experiencing an altered reality or intense sensations due to the influence of in

9.adjectiveC2
Definition

experiencing an altered reality or intense sensations due to the influence of intoxicating substances

Example

Police noticed the suspect seemed high on some substance while he was walking near the station.

pattern: be/look high

She could tell her brother was high because he was acting strange and laughing at nothing.

Common collocations
  • get high
  • stay high
Synonyms
Antonyms

Usage Note

Informal. Often appears as be/look high or high on a drug; unlike sense 10, it implies intoxication.

Common Mistakes

Using this sense in formal or professional writing.

10. feeling full of excited energy, especially after something good or thrilling has

10.adjectiveC1
Definition

feeling full of excited energy, especially after something good or thrilling has happened

Example

After the surprise bonus, Amelia felt high all afternoon.

pattern: feel high after good news

The crowd stayed high with excitement after the encore.

Common collocations
  • feel high
  • still high from the win
Synonyms
  • excited

    broader and more neutral

  • elated

    usually stronger and more formal

Antonyms

Usage Note

Informal. Often refers to an emotional lift after success or excitement; unlike sense 9, it does not suggest drug use.

11. used for the busiest, hottest, or otherwise most intense stage in a stretch of t

11.adjectiveB2
Definition

used for the busiest, hottest, or otherwise most intense stage in a stretch of time

Example

Room rates climb fast in the high season on Green Island.

fixed phrase: high season

By high summer, the hiking trail is dusty and almost white.

Common collocations
  • high season
  • high summer
  • high noon
Synonyms
  • peak

    more direct for the busiest or strongest point

Antonyms

Usage Note

Usually appears in fixed phrases such as high season, high summer, and high noon.

Idioms

Acting in an arrogant or self-righteous manner as if you are morally superior to others.

She needs to get off her high horse and admit that she made a mistake like everyone else.

Having personal connections with people who possess significant power or influence.

Because he has friends in high places, he was able to secure the permit without any further delays.

To have a very enjoyable and lively experience.

The cousins had a high old time running around the farmhouse during their week-long summer vacation visit.

To do something regardless of any difficulties or obstacles that may arise.

We will reach the summit by noon, come hell or high water, so keep moving despite the rain.

Finding yourself trapped with zero assistance available, often lacking basic tools or financial means to escape.

When the company suddenly went bankrupt, the employees were left high and dry without their final paychecks.

Behaving in a way that suggests you are more important than you actually are.

The manager acted high and mighty toward the interns, ignoring their questions as if he were royalty.

Being extremely intoxicated by drugs or alcohol.

The security guard noticed the intruder was high as a kite and unable to stand up straight.

Maintaining a level of visibility or public attention in one's actions.

After the scandal, the politician kept a low profile to avoid further media attention and intense public scrutiny.

In a state of intense anger or offense.

The customer stormed out of the restaurant in high dudgeon after being told there was no table available.

Used to suggest that something should have been done already.

It is high time we addressed the infrastructure problems before the winter weather makes repairs impossible to finish.

Representing a level of extreme quality, importance, or seriousness.

The emergency response required coordination of the highest order to save lives during the flash flood disaster.

To have a very strong, unpleasant odor; figuratively, to be obviously dishonest.

The corruption in the local building department stinks to high heaven after the recent audit revealed missing funds.

high — noun

high — adverb

Word family

Synonym discussion

Sense: adjective/1

All describe vertical dimension. 'High' is the general term for objects reaching above a base. 'Tall' implies a ratio of height to width, often used for people or thin structures. 'Lofty' adds a sense of grandeur or great distance. 'Towering' describes something that rises far above its surroundings, creating an impression of dominance.

Common collocations

Phrases

  • at an all-time high
  • high and low

Prepositions

Etymology

GermanicOld EnglishEnglish

The word traces back to Old English 'hēah', which shares roots with other Germanic languages like Dutch 'hoog' and German 'hoch'. It was originally used to describe physical altitude and prominence, eventually expanding to figurative meanings like social status and moral excellence.

First known use

12th century

12th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a Adverb