irradiation

/ɪˌreɪdiˈeɪʃn/ (bre, ipa) · /ɪˌreɪdiˈeɪʃn/ (ame, ipa) · /i-ˌrā-dē-ˈā-shən/ (ame, mw)

irradiation — noun

1. the use of controlled amounts of radiation, such as X-rays or gamma rays, to tre

1.名詞B2
釋義

the use of controlled amounts of radiation, such as X-rays or gamma rays, to treat illnesses — most often cancer — by aiming at and destroying unhealthy cells

例句

Amara underwent a six-week course of irradiation to shrink the tumour in her lung after doctors found the cancer early.

undergo + a course of irradiation [for cancer]

The new irradiation machine at City Hospital targets cancer cells far more precisely than the old one.

irradiation machine + targets cancer cells

同義詞

用法筆記

Primarily used in oncology. While irradiation refers to the physical process of applying radiation, in everyday hospital settings it is often used interchangeably with radiotherapy or radiation therapy.

常見錯誤

The doctor recommended irradiation for my cold.
The doctor recommended irradiation for my lung cancer.
💡Irradiation is a cancer treatment, not a treatment for common illnesses.

2. the process of making something or someone go through radiation, either on purpo

2.名詞B2
釋義

the process of making something or someone go through radiation, either on purpose — such as treating food to make it last longer — or by accident

例句

Food irradiation uses gamma rays to kill bacteria and keep spices and meat fresh longer.

food irradiation + uses gamma rays to kill bacteria

Workers at the nuclear plant wear badges that record their monthly irradiation levels.

record/receive + irradiation levels

同義詞
  • exposure

    more general term; does not specify the type of radiation

  • radiation exposure

    explicitly names the source, often used in safety contexts

用法筆記

Distinguish from radioactive contamination: irradiation means being exposed to radiation (the person or object does not become radioactive), whereas contamination means radioactive material has actually gotten onto or into something.

常見錯誤

After the accident, the workers were contaminated by irradiation.
After the accident, the workers were exposed to irradiation.
💡Irradiation is the exposure itself; contamination means radioactive particles are present on the body or clothing.