jump
/dʒʌmp/ (bre, ipa) · /dʒʌmp/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈjəmp/ (ame, mw)
jump — verb
- jumppresent simple I / you / we / they
- jumpshe / she / it
- jumpedpast simple
- jumping-ing form
1. to push your body off the ground using your legs, so that you rise briefly into
to push your body off the ground using your legs, so that you rise briefly into the air and come back down
The children jumped excitedly when the clown entered the room.
jump + adverb (excitedly) for manner
Renata jumped as high as she could to slap the ceiling tile.
Nala loves to jump on her bed, even though her mother tells her not to.
Ayesha jumped off the low wall and landed on the soft grass below.
- land
the return to the ground after jumping
文法句型
jump + adverb/preposition (up, down, in, out)
用法筆記
Often followed by an adverb or preposition that describes direction (up, down, over, into) or location (on, off).
常見錯誤
2. to jump repeatedly while a rope is turned beneath you and above you, done for fi
to jump repeatedly while a rope is turned beneath you and above you, done for fitness or as a children's pastime
During PE class, the students practiced jumping rope to improve their coordination.
jump rope as a fixed phrase for the activity
Sofia can jump rope for ten minutes without stopping.
The girls on the playground were jumping rope and singing a rhyme.
Nikos jumped rope with his friends during recess every afternoon.
- skip
more common in British English for this activity
文法句型
jump rope (fixed phrase)
用法筆記
Used almost exclusively in the fixed phrase 'jump rope' or 'jumping rope'. Unlike sense 1, the focus is on the repeated motion as an activity.
常見錯誤
3. to push yourself off the ground so that you go over something such as a fence, p
to push yourself off the ground so that you go over something such as a fence, puddle, or low wall
The stray cat jumped over the garden fence and disappeared behind the shed.
jump + over + noun for clearing an obstacle
Ryo jumped a small stream on his way to school every morning.
jump + noun (direct object) — transitive use
The children had to jump across a wide puddle left by the rain.
The horse easily jumped the gate and galloped across the meadow.
- trip over
to fall rather than successfully pass over
文法句型
jump + over/across + noun
jump + noun (direct object)
用法筆記
Can be used transitively (jump + object, e.g. 'jump the fence') or intransitively with a preposition (jump over/across the fence). The transitive form is more common in informal spoken English.
常見錯誤
4. to move or do something quickly and suddenly, often because of a signal, instruc
to move or do something quickly and suddenly, often because of a signal, instruction, or urgent situation
When the fire alarm rang, everyone jumped to their feet and headed for the exit.
jump to one's feet — fixed phrase for standing up quickly
The taxi driver jumped out of his seat when he saw smoke from the engine.
The children jumped into the pool before their parents could say no.
Anjali jumped up from her chair when she heard her name called on the loudspeaker.
文法句型
jump + adverb/preposition (up, into, out of, to)
用法筆記
Unlike sense 1, this sense focuses on the speed and suddenness of the action rather than the vertical motion. Common in phrases like 'jump to your feet', 'jump into action', 'jump out of the way'.
常見錯誤
5. to react to a surprise or scare by moving your body sharply and without thinking
to react to a surprise or scare by moving your body sharply and without thinking
The loud thunder made little Jack jump in his mother's arms.
make + person + jump — causative construction
Liam jumped when someone tapped him on the shoulder from behind.
The sudden creak of the door caused the old cat to jump off the sofa.
A loud crash in the kitchen made Shirin jump while she was reading a book.
文法句型
jump (intransitive) — no object
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1 (deliberate jumping) and sense 4 (deliberate quick action). In this sense the movement is involuntary — the person does not choose to react. Often used with 'make + object + jump'.
常見錯誤
6. to go up steeply in a short time, used especially about prices, temperatures, or
to go up steeply in a short time, used especially about prices, temperatures, or other measurable figures
The temperature jumped from fifteen to thirty degrees in just one week.
jump + from + number + to + number — measuring the rise
The company's profits jumped by forty percent last year after the new product launch.
jump + by + percentage — measuring the increase
Online orders jumped dramatically when the store announced its biggest sale of the year.
The price of cooking oil jumped by nearly twenty percent after the floods damaged the crops.
文法句型
jump + (by/from/to) + amount/number
用法筆記
Common with quantities, prices, statistics, and measurements. Unlike 'increase' or 'rise', 'jump' emphasises the suddenness and large size of the change. Typically followed by 'by' (amount), 'from...to', or 'to'.
常見錯誤
7. When a story, film, or play jumps, it shifts abruptly between different scenes,
When a story, film, or play jumps, it shifts abruptly between different scenes, time periods, or topics without a smooth connection.
The film jumps from the 1990s to the 1970s in its very first scene.
jump from [scene A] to [scene B]
Wren found the novel hard to follow because it kept jumping between three unrelated storylines.
jump between [items]
The documentary jumps from one expert opinion to another without giving clear facts.
The play jumps from a comedy scene to a tragedy without letting the audience adjust.
- skip
less precise; can also mean intentionally leave out rather than rapidly shift
文法句型
jump + adv/prep
jump between [scenes/topics]
jump from [X] to [Y]
用法筆記
Usually followed by an adverb or prepositional phrase that shows the direction or range of the shift (e.g., between, from…to…, around).
常見錯誤
8. to skip a step, stage, or item in a sequence that should normally be followed in
to skip a step, stage, or item in a sequence that should normally be followed in order.
The principal let Diya jump a grade because her test scores were so high.
jump a grade (school context)
The team jumped the formal introductions and went straight to business.
jump + [stage/step]
Pedro jumped the queue for tickets and the crowd started shouting at him.
Employees with special passes can jump the security line at busy airports.
- skip
more common in American English; 'skip a grade' vs 'jump a grade'
文法句型
jump + [stage/grade/step]
jump + the queue
用法筆記
Common in British English for 'jump the queue' (cutting in line). In American English, 'skip' is more common for most uses except 'jump a grade' in a school context.
常見錯誤
9. to physically attack a person without warning, often from a hidden position or b
to physically attack a person without warning, often from a hidden position or by taking them by surprise.
Three masked men jumped Nicholas as he walked home from the night shift.
jump + [person] (physical surprise attack)
Gabriela's dog jumped the intruder before he could open the back door.
The gang jumped a delivery driver and stole the packages from his van.
Two teenagers jumped Yuki behind the gym and took her phone and wallet.
文法句型
jump + [person]
用法筆記
Always transitive — you jump someone. Informal in register; in formal writing, 'assault' or 'ambush' would be used instead.
常見錯誤
10. to drive past a traffic light while it is showing red, without stopping as requi
to drive past a traffic light while it is showing red, without stopping as required by law.
Tuan jumped a red light and a police car pulled him over immediately.
jump a red light
The bus driver was fined for jumping a red light near the school.
Cameras at traffic lights catch hundreds of drivers jumping red lights every month.
A motorcyclist jumped the traffic light and nearly hit a cyclist crossing the road.
- run a red light
standard American English equivalent
- go through a red light
neutral, less idiomatic
文法句型
jump + [a/the] red light
jump + the lights
用法筆記
Most common in British English ('jump the lights' / 'jump a red light'). In American English, 'run a red light' is the typical expression.
常見錯誤
11. to miss a required court hearing after posting bail, resulting in the forfeiture
to miss a required court hearing after posting bail, resulting in the forfeiture of the money paid for release.
The accused man jumped bail and was later found living abroad under a false name.
jump bail (fixed legal expression)
Nala's cousin jumped bail and disappeared, leaving his family to face the legal consequences.
Judge Okonkwo denied bail to Tomás, fearing he would jump it and flee the country.
The businessman jumped bail and was arrested at the airport trying to board a flight.
- breach bail
more formal, legal term
文法句型
jump + bail
用法筆記
Used almost exclusively with the fixed noun 'bail' as the object. 'Jump bail' is a set phrase; you cannot normally replace 'bail' with other nouns for the same meaning.
常見錯誤
12. A place that is jumping has many people in it and feels full of lively activity
A place that is jumping has many people in it and feels full of lively activity and exciting energy.
The night market was really jumping at eleven o'clock, with people crowding every food stall.
be jumping (lively place)
Liang's restaurant is always jumping during the lunch rush, so book a table early.
The dance hall was jumping until the band stopped playing just after midnight.
The town square was jumping with street performers and tourists on Saturday evening.
- dead
informal; 'the place was dead' means no one was there
文法句型
be jumping
be jumping with [people/activity]
用法筆記
Used only in informal contexts, typically with 'be' (the place was jumping / the club is jumping). This sense does not take an object and cannot be used in progressive form as a regular transitive verb.
常見錯誤
jump — noun
- jumpsingular
- jumpsplural
1. the action of using your legs to lift your body away from the ground so that you
the action of using your legs to lift your body away from the ground so that you are briefly in the air
Ayana took a running jump and landed in the shallow end of the pool.
collocation: take a running jump
The young horse cleared the fence with an easy, graceful jump.
Nadia's first jump off the diving board was only one metre high.
Andrés practised his standing jump every morning before basketball practice.
- landing
the act of returning to the ground after being in the air
用法筆記
Often used with modifiers that describe the manner or distance of the jump, such as 'running jump', 'standing jump', 'long jump', or 'high jump'.
常見錯誤
2. a quick, sudden movement of your body that you make without meaning to, caused b
a quick, sudden movement of your body that you make without meaning to, caused by something that surprises or frightens you
A loud bang from the kitchen made Samir give a startled jump.
collocation: give a startled jump
When the firework exploded, the cat gave a jump and hid under the sofa.
Liang woke with a sudden jump when his alarm clock crashed onto the floor.
Élise gave a little jump when someone tapped her on the shoulder from behind.
- start
a brief, involuntary body movement caused by surprise, often smaller than a jump
用法筆記
Usually appears in fixed patterns such as 'give a jump' or 'with a jump'. The subject is typically a person or animal reacting to an unexpected sound or event.
常見錯誤
3. a large and sudden rise in the amount, level, or value of something
a large and sudden rise in the amount, level, or value of something
There was a sharp jump in food prices after the summer drought.
collocation: jump in [something]
The company reported a big jump in online sales during the holiday season.
Stephanie was shocked by the sudden jump in her monthly rent.
Noor was surprised by the jump in airfares before the holiday season.
文法句型
jump + in + noun phrase
用法筆記
Typically followed by 'in' to indicate what is rising, for example 'a jump in prices', 'a jump in temperature', or 'a jump in profits'. Often used with adjectives like 'sharp', 'big', or 'sudden'.
常見錯誤
jump — adverb
1. in a way that is fully and exactly known, as if memorised perfectly through long
in a way that is fully and exactly known, as if memorised perfectly through long experience or study
Eli has delivered packages in this neighbourhood for twenty years and knows every street jump.
collocation: know [something] jump — thoroughly memorised
The exam was easy for Ritu because she knew all the grammar rules jump.
informal register: know + complex subject + jump
After a decade of rehearsal, Beatrix knew the entire piano sonata jump.
Apinya has driven a taxi in Bangkok for so long that she knows every shortcut jump.
文法句型
know + noun phrase + jump
用法筆記
This sense is mainly used in the fixed phrase 'know (something) jump'. It is considered informal or dialectal and is rare in formal writing. It does not have a negative form — you would not say 'don't know it jump'.