mala
mala — noun
1. 指昆蟲小顎(下顎)內側或外側的一個葉狀構造,位於小顎基部上方,幫助取食時夾持或處理食物
指昆蟲小顎(下顎)內側或外側的一個葉狀構造,位於小顎基部上方,幫助取食時夾持或處理食物
The entomologist showed students how the mala on the grasshopper's maxilla helps hold food while chewing.
mala on the maxilla — anatomical location pattern
Under the microscope, the inner mala of the beetle appeared broader than the outer lobe.
comparative description: inner vs outer mala
A field guide to dragonflies noted that the mala is used to manipulate prey before the mandibles crush it.
- lacinia
在某些分類系統中,內葉(inner mala)特稱為 lacinia,外葉(outer mala)稱為 galea
- maxillary lobe
較通俗的描述性名稱,非解剖學專有名詞
文法句型
mala + of + anatomical part
用法筆記
在昆蟲解剖學中,mala 專指小顎上的葉狀構造,而非大顎。區別於 sense 2(大顎的磨碎面)和 sense 3(多足類大顎的第三節)。
常見錯誤
2. 指昆蟲大顎上用於磨碎或咀嚼食物的表面區域,通常具有脊狀突起或齒狀構造,用以將固體食物研磨成較小顆粒
指昆蟲大顎上用於磨碎或咀嚼食物的表面區域,通常具有脊狀突起或齒狀構造,用以將固體食物研磨成較小顆粒
The beetle's mala showed deep wear marks from years of grinding through tough plant stems.
wear marks — evidence of grinding function
A scanning electron microscope image revealed that the mala of the cricket mandible has a series of parallel ridges.
SEM observation — scientific methodology context
Unlike the smooth mandible of a butterfly, the mala of a wood-boring beetle is heavily sclerotised.
- mandibular molar
在某些文獻中用於對比哺乳動物臼齒的比喻說法
- grinding surface
描述性用語,非正式解剖學名詞
文法句型
mala + of + mandible
用法筆記
此 sense 專指大顎(mandible)上的磨碎面,而非 sense 1 的小顎(maxilla)葉狀構造。常見於咀嚼式口器昆蟲(如甲蟲、直翅目)。
常見錯誤
3. 指某些多足類動物(如蜈蚣、馬陸)大顎的第三個節段,為大顎最末端的部分,常具有齒狀突起,用於處理食物
指某些多足類動物(如蜈蚣、馬陸)大顎的第三個節段,為大顎最末端的部分,常具有齒狀突起,用於處理食物
In the centipede Scolopendra, the third segment of the mandible — the mala — is armed with sharp teeth.
Scolopendra genus — specific taxon
Dr. Okonkwo's study of millipede anatomy confirmed that the mala varies in shape across different orders.
cross-order morphological variation
The laboratory manual instructed students to identify the mala as the distal segment of the mandible in the preserved specimen.
- mandibular segment III
在比較形態學文獻中使用的數位列舉方式
- distal mandibular segment
描述其位置為大顎最遠端節段
文法句型
mala + of + mandible + in + myriapod group
用法筆記
此 sense 僅用於多足類動物(myriapods),如蜈蚣(Chilopoda)和馬陸(Diplopoda),不適用於昆蟲。區別於 sense 1(昆蟲小顎)和 sense 2(昆蟲大顎磨面)。