misdemeanour

/ˌmɪsdɪˈmiːnə(r)/ (bre, ipa) · /ˌmɪsdɪˈmiːnər/ (ame, ipa)

misdemeanour — noun

  • misdemeanoursingular
  • misdemeanoursplural

1. a small wrong act, such as breaking a rule, that annoys people but is not bad en

1.名詞C1
釋義

a small wrong act, such as breaking a rule, that annoys people but is not bad enough to be called a crime

例句

Caleb apologised for the youthful misdemeanour of spraying paint on the school gate.

youthful misdemeanour — common collocation for past minor wrongs

The headmistress kept a notebook listing every misdemeanour committed by the boarding-school students.

commit a misdemeanour — typical verb collocation

同義詞
  • transgression

    more formal; emphasises breaking a moral or social rule

  • wrongdoing

    broader; covers any morally wrong behaviour, large or small

  • misbehaviour

    everyday word; suggests childish or unruly conduct

  • indiscretion

    milder; suggests a careless rather than deliberate act

反義詞
  • good deed

    an action that helps someone or follows the rules

文法句型

a misdemeanour of [doing]

petty misdemeanour

用法筆記

Typically used in British English about behaviour that is socially or institutionally wrong but not illegal — school rule-breaking, embarrassing conduct, minor workplace misconduct. Often appears in the plural to describe a pattern.

常見錯誤

He was sent to prison for his misdemeanour.
He was scolded for his misdemeanour.
💡in this sense the act is not serious enough for prison; use 'crime' or 'offence' for legal punishment.

2. in American law, an illegal act that the courts treat as low-level — well below

2.名詞C1
釋義

in American law, an illegal act that the courts treat as low-level — well below a felony — and usually punish with a fine or a short stay in jail

例句

Andrés was charged with a misdemeanour after the police caught him driving without a licence.

charged with a misdemeanour — standard legal collocation

In most American states, shoplifting goods worth under $500 counts as a misdemeanour, not a felony.

misdemeanour vs felony — typical contrast in US law

同義詞
  • minor offence

    neutral; works in both UK and US legal contexts

  • petty offence

    very low-level offence, often below misdemeanour in some US states

  • infraction

    US legal term for an even smaller violation, usually only fineable

反義詞
  • felony

    the much more serious US legal category, punishable by over a year in prison

文法句型

charged with a misdemeanour

convicted of a misdemeanour

用法筆記

Specifically a US legal category. Distinguish from sense 1: this sense names an actual prosecutable offence handled in court, not just a socially-frowned-upon act. Contrast with 'felony', the more serious legal category.

常見錯誤

In the UK, drink-driving is a misdemeanour.
In the US, low-level drink-driving may be a misdemeanour.
💡the legal sense is American; British law uses 'summary offence' instead.