naturalism
/ˈnætʃrəlɪzəm/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈnætʃrəlɪzəm/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈna-ch(ə-)rə-ˌli-zəm/ (ame, mw)
naturalism — noun
1. a way of making art, writing books, or staging plays in which people, places, an
a way of making art, writing books, or staging plays in which people, places, and daily events are shown the way they look in real life, with no effort to make them prettier or more dramatic.
Christopher's painting of his grandfather's kitchen shows the naturalism of nineteenth-century French art.
the naturalism of + [artistic tradition]
Soraya admired the naturalism in the play, where the actors ate, washed dishes, and quarrelled like a real family.
naturalism in [art form] for describing realistic style
The novel won praise for its naturalism, describing the slums of Lyon down to the smell of damp brick.
Asher prefers the naturalism of Italian cinema to the bright colours and big sets of Hollywood musicals.
Antonia teaches a course on the rise of naturalism in late nineteenth-century European literature.
- idealism
shows people and scenes as more beautiful or noble than they are in life
- romanticism
favours strong emotion, exotic settings, and the heroic over the ordinary
文法句型
naturalism in [art form]
the naturalism of [artist/work]
用法筆記
Often capitalised (Naturalism) when referring to the specific late-19th-century movement led by Zola and his followers; lowercase for the broader style. Subject is typically a work, an artist, a movement, or a body of art.
常見錯誤
2. the belief, common among scientists and philosophers, that every event in the un
the belief, common among scientists and philosophers, that every event in the universe — including thought, feeling, and life itself — has a cause that can be studied by science, with no need for gods, spirits, or other powers beyond nature.
Hoa's essay defends naturalism by arguing that even moral feelings come from the way human brains have evolved.
defend / argue for naturalism + scientific reasoning
Many modern biologists work within a quiet naturalism, assuming the body is just a very complex machine.
work within naturalism + scientific practice
Emre rejected the strict naturalism of his philosophy professor and turned to writing about religious experience.
Naturalism holds that thoughts and dreams are events inside the brain, not messages from a separate soul.
Élise wrote her thesis on the naturalism of David Hume, the eighteenth-century Scottish philosopher.
- materialism
narrower; specifically the view that only physical matter exists, while naturalism also allows abstract laws and patterns
- physicalism
modern technical term, close to materialism, common in philosophy of mind
- secularism
social and political stance of keeping religion out of public life; overlaps but is not the same as the metaphysical claim
- supernaturalism
the view that some events have causes beyond the natural world
- theism
belief that one or more gods act in the world
文法句型
philosophical naturalism
naturalism holds that [clause]
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1 (an art style): sense 2 is a position in philosophy about what exists and how it can be known. Often qualified — 'methodological naturalism' (scientists set aside the supernatural while working) vs. 'metaphysical naturalism' (the supernatural does not exist at all).