negligence

/ˈneɡlɪdʒəns/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈneɡlɪdʒəns/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈne-gli-jən(t)s/ (ame, mw)

negligence — noun

1. the condition or fact of failing to take proper care of someone or something tha

1.名詞B2
釋義

the condition or fact of failing to take proper care of someone or something that depends on you, often resulting in problems or harm

例句

The hospital was criticised for its negligence in checking the patient's medical history before surgery.

negligence in + gerund

Aiko's negligence in locking the door led to her bicycle being stolen from the garden.

同義詞
  • carelessness

    less formal and broader — refers to any lack of attention, not necessarily tied to a duty or responsibility

  • inattention

    focuses on not paying attention rather than on failing a duty; weaker in moral weight

  • dereliction

    formal and stronger — implies a serious failure of professional or moral duty

反義詞
  • care

    the opposite quality of paying proper attention and acting responsibly

  • diligence

    formal term for steady, careful effort in performing a task

文法句型

negligence + in + verb-ing

用法筆記

Commonly followed by the preposition 'in' plus a gerund (e.g., negligence in maintaining, negligence in supervising). Gross negligence is a more severe degree used when the lack of care is extreme.

常見錯誤

His negligence of the baby was terrible.
His neglect of the baby was terrible.
💡'neglect' is used for failing to look after a person or living thing; 'negligence' more often describes careless behaviour in a task or duty.

2. a situation in which a person or organisation fails to show the level of caution

2.名詞B2
釋義

a situation in which a person or organisation fails to show the level of caution that any reasonable person would show in the same circumstances, especially when this failure causes injury, loss, or damage to others

例句

The court found the company guilty of negligence for failing to install safety barriers at the construction site.

legal terminology: guilty of negligence

Proving negligence in court requires showing that the defendant did not act as a reasonable person would in that situation.

同義詞
  • carelessness

    everyday equivalent, though less precise for legal proceedings where standards of care are formally defined

  • dereliction

    formal and weighty — suggests a serious abandonment of duty, often in a professional role

反義詞
  • due care

    the level of attention and caution that a reasonable person would exercise in the same situation

用法筆記

Frequently used in civil lawsuits where the plaintiff must establish four elements: duty of care, breach of that duty, causation, and damages. Common legal phrases include contributory negligence, medical negligence, and professional negligence.

常見錯誤

She was charged with ordinary negligence for driving while tired.
She was charged with criminal negligence for driving while tired.
💡ordinary negligence is a civil matter; 'criminal negligence' is used when the behaviour is serious enough to be treated as a crime.