none
/nʌn/ (bre, ipa) · /nʌn/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈnən/ (ame, mw)
none — pronoun
1. used to say that no person or thing from a particular group is being referred to
used to say that no person or thing from a particular group is being referred to or is available — for instance, asking twenty people a question and finding that every single one answers the same way
Quan searched through every drawer, but none contained his missing passport.
none as subject with plural verb
Liang offered three explanations for the delay, but none of them satisfied the manager.
none + of + [plural pronoun]
The committee interviewed twelve candidates, yet none had the language skills the job required.
Noor asked her classmates for a pen, but none of them had one to lend.
None of the money raised at the charity auction actually reached the children's hospital.
文法句型
none + of + [plural noun/pronoun]
none + [singular verb] (formal)
none + [plural verb] (informal)
用法筆記
In formal writing, none is often treated as singular (None is available). In everyday spoken English, a plural verb is very common and widely accepted (None are available). Both are correct.
常見錯誤
none — adjective
- nonepositive
- nonercomparative
- nonestsuperlative
1. an old-fashioned form of the word 'no', used directly before a noun to mean 'not
an old-fashioned form of the word 'no', used directly before a noun to mean 'not any' — now mostly found in older literature, religious texts, and fixed expressions
In the old tale, the poor farmer had none food to feed his hungry children.
archaic register: none + [noun]
The decree stated the kingdom had none gold and none silver to pay the soldiers.
The knight swore that he had none fear of the dragon's fiery breath.
The hermit owned none possessions except a single wooden bowl and a woollen blanket.
文法句型
none + [noun]
用法筆記
This adjective use of none is rarely heard in modern everyday English. The equivalent modern construction uses 'no' instead: 'no food', 'no gold'. The main place it survives is in fixed expressions like 'none other' and 'none but'.
常見錯誤
none — adverb
1. used before an adjective or adverb to give the meaning 'not at all' or 'in no wa
used before an adjective or adverb to give the meaning 'not at all' or 'in no way', mostly appearing in everyday fixed phrases like 'none too' and 'none the wiser'
The food at the restaurant was none too impressive, but the service was excellent.
none too + [adjective]
After the lecture, most students were still none the wiser about filing their returns.
none the wiser — fixed phrase meaning 'still not understanding'
Of all the players on the team, Amira's shooting ability is second to none.
Marco was none too pleased when his flight was delayed for the third time.
The furniture instructions were none too clear, so Elara called customer service.
- not at all
the full phrasal equivalent; more explicit and less idiomatic than none
- by no means
stronger and more formal than 'not at all'
- nowhere near
informal alternative, often used with an adjective: nowhere near ready
文法句型
none + too + [adjective/adverb]
none + the + [comparative adjective]
用法筆記
Unlike the pronoun sense, the adverb none does NOT take 'of' after it. It attaches directly to an adjective or adverb: none too fast, none the better. The phrase 'none the wiser' is the most common fixed expression in this category.
常見錯誤
none — noun
1. in the Christian monastic tradition, one of the set times for daily communal pra
in the Christian monastic tradition, one of the set times for daily communal prayer, observed at the ninth hour after sunrise, which corresponds to about three o'clock in the afternoon
The monks gathered in the chapel to chant the office of None at three o'clock.
the office of None — fixed collocation
In medieval monasteries, None was recited after the midday meal before the evening work began.
The bell tower called the brothers to prayer for the hour of None each afternoon.
The monastery's daily routine included the prayer service of None, observed in the mid-afternoon.
文法句型
the office of None
the hour of None
用法筆記
This noun sense is a specialized religious term. Most English speakers will never encounter it outside of historical novels, descriptions of monastic life, or discussions of Christian liturgy. It is unrelated in meaning to the common pronoun and adverb uses of none.