past-tense
Word family
Synonym discussion
Sense: noun/1
All four describe past-time verb forms, but English teachers use them differently. 'Past tense' is the broadest, everyday label for any verb form that shows an action happened before now. 'Past simple' is the most common specific form (e.g. 'walked', 'wrote') and is what most learners study first; teachers often say 'past tense' when they technically mean 'past simple'. 'Preterite' means the same thing as 'past simple' but is a formal linguistics term — rarely seen outside grammar references. 'Past participle' is different: it is the verb form used after 'have' or 'be' (e.g. 'have walked', 'was written'), not a tense on its own. For classroom use, prefer 'past tense' or 'past simple' over 'preterite'.
Etymology
A compound of two Latin-rooted words. 'Past' comes from the Old French 'passé', the past participle of 'passer' (to pass), itself from Latin 'passus'. 'Tense' (the grammatical sense) entered English in the 14th century from Old French 'tens', from Latin 'tempus' meaning 'time'. So 'past tense' literally means 'past time' — the verb form that locates an action in time gone by.
First known use
1729
1729, in the meaning defined above