permeation

IPA/ˌpɜːmiˈeɪʃn/
IPA/ˌpɜːrmiˈeɪʃn/

permeation — noun

1. the process by which a liquid, gas, or other matter slowly spreads into and thro

1.名詞C1
釋義

the process by which a liquid, gas, or other matter slowly spreads into and through a solid material, reaching all parts of it.

例句

Niran studied the permeation of water through different types of garden soil for his project.

permeation of [substance] through [material]

The lab tested the rate of gas permeation through several types of synthetic membrane.

同義詞
  • penetration

    suggests forceful entry, while permeation is gentler and more gradual

  • diffusion

    emphasizes outward spreading in all directions; more specific to physics and chemistry

  • infiltration

    implies gradual or stealthy entry, often with a negative connotation

  • seepage

    restricted to slow liquid movement through small openings, often unwanted

反義詞
  • blockage

    active prevention of any substance from passing through

  • impermeability

    the property of not allowing liquids or gases to pass through at all

文法句型

permeation of [substance] through [material]

permeation of [substance] into [material]

用法筆記

Often appears in scientific or technical contexts. The substance doing the spreading follows 'of' (permeation of water) while the material being penetrated follows 'through' or 'into' (through the membrane).

常見錯誤

❌The permeation of the wall by water was slow.
✅The permeation of water through the wall was slow.
💡The substance doing the spreading comes after 'of', not after 'by'.
❌Water's permeation of the soil took hours.
✅The permeation of water through the soil took hours.
💡Avoid possessive forms with 'permeation'; use the 'of … through' structure.

2. the condition of being gradually and completely influenced or filled by a qualit

2.名詞C1
釋義

the condition of being gradually and completely influenced or filled by a quality, feeling, or idea — for example, the permeation of a culture by new technologies, or of a community by a sense of fear.

例句

The permeation of rap music into mainstream culture changed the sound of radio worldwide.

figurative: permeation of [cultural element] into [mainstream]

Yuna felt the slow permeation of loneliness after her best friend moved to another city.

同義詞
  • pervasion

    near-synonym but slightly more literary and less common

  • saturation

    suggests complete filling to the point of no more room; stronger intensity

  • prevalence

    focuses on widespread existence rather than the process of spreading

  • diffusion

    stresses the outward spread from a source, neutral in tone

反義詞
  • absence

    complete lack of the quality or influence

  • scarcity

    limited presence rather than widespread influence

文法句型

permeation of [quality/idea] through [community/area]

permeation of [quality/idea] among [group]

用法筆記

Subject nouns modified by 'permeation' in this sense are typically abstract — qualities (optimism, fear), cultural forces (technology, fashion), or feelings (loneliness, excitement). The physical medium (liquid, gas) belongs to sense 1.

常見錯誤

❌The permeation of the idea through everyone.
✅The permeation of the idea through the community.
💡The recipient should be a defined group or area, not a generic word like 'everyone'.
❌The permeation of new fashion among teenagers was fast.
✅The permeation of new fashion among the city's teenagers was fast.
💡'Among' needs a specific or defined plural group to sound natural.