planning

/ˈplænɪŋ/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈplænɪŋ/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈpla-niŋ/ (ame, mw)

planning — noun

1. the activity of deciding which steps to take, when to take them, and what resour

1.名詞B1
釋義

the activity of deciding which steps to take, when to take them, and what resources you will need so that a future goal or event runs smoothly.

例句

Maya spent six months on planning before she opened the bakery in Taichung.

planning + before + [event]

Good financial planning helped the Chen family pay off their mortgage early.

collocation: financial planning

同義詞
  • preparation

    broader; covers gathering tools and materials, not just deciding steps

  • organization

    emphasises arranging people and resources rather than choosing the steps

  • scheduling

    narrower; focuses on fixing dates and times only

反義詞
  • improvisation

    deciding what to do as you go, without earlier preparation

文法句型

planning + for + [event]

planning + of + [activity]

用法筆記

Almost always uncountable. Subject of the planning is usually an event, project, or future goal (a wedding, a budget, a trip). Distinguish from sense 2, which refers specifically to the official control of land use.

常見錯誤

❌I have many plannings for next year.
✅I have many plans for next year.
💡'planning' is uncountable; the countable form is 'plans'.
❌She is a planning of our trip.
✅She is in charge of planning our trip.
💡'planning' is the activity, not a person or thing.

2. the official work done by a town or city government to decide how land, roads, a

2.名詞C1
釋義

the official work done by a town or city government to decide how land, roads, and buildings should be arranged so that an area is safe and pleasant to live in.

例句

The new shopping centre needs planning permission from the city council before construction can start.

collocation: planning permission

Mei works in the planning department at Taipei City Hall.

compound: planning department

同義詞
  • zoning

    American; narrower — the legal division of land into use categories

  • urban planning

    the discipline as a whole, often used as the formal name

  • town planning

    British equivalent; same activity, different label

文法句型

planning + permission/application/department

用法筆記

Frequently attributive — appears before another noun (planning permission, planning department, planning application). Common in news reports about construction and local government. Distinguish from sense 1, which is the general activity of preparing for any event.

常見錯誤

❌They got planning to build a house.
✅They got planning permission to build a house.
💡in the land-use sense, 'planning' rarely stands alone; pair it with 'permission', 'application', or 'department'.
❌The city planning is beautiful.
✅The city's urban planning is impressive.
💡'planning' alone refers to the process, not the result; use 'urban planning' for the discipline.