pupillary
pupillary — adjective
- pupillarypositive
- more pupillarycomparative
- most pupillarysuperlative
1. describing the dark round opening in the middle of the iris — called the pupil —
describing the dark round opening in the middle of the iris — called the pupil — that lets light in and controls the amount that reaches the inside of the eye.
Dr. Chen checked Maria's pupillary response by shining a small light into each eye.
collocation: pupillary response
When Dr. Okafor shone a bright light into Sana's eye, the pupillary reflex immediately made her pupil shrink.
collocation: pupillary reflex
After Théo hit his head in a bike crash, the doctor checked his pupillary function for injury signs.
The optician measured the pupillary distance to make sure the new glasses would fit well.
After the fall, the nurse watched the pupillary size closely for signs of brain injury.
- ocular
broader; relates to the whole eye, not specifically the pupil
- ophthalmic
more formal; relates to the medical field of eye care
文法句型
pupillary + noun
用法筆記
Almost always used before a noun. Most common in medical contexts describing eye exams, reflexes, or disorders.
常見錯誤
pupillary — noun
1. a young person who attends lessons at a school or is taught one-to-one by a priv
a young person who attends lessons at a school or is taught one-to-one by a private teacher.
The teacher asked each pupil in her class to bring a favourite book to school.
As a primary-school pupil, Sofia won the school-wide spelling competition.
British usage: 'primary-school pupil' for elementary student
At the village primary school, the head teacher divided the two hundred pupils into six classes by age.
Each pupil received a new maths textbook on the first morning of term.
The pupils in Miss Chen's science class each planted a bean seed in a paper cup to watch it grow.
- student
more common in American English; can refer to learners of any age
- schoolchild
specifically a child attending school; less common
- learner
general term for someone learning something; not restricted to school
- teacher
the person who instructs the pupil
文法句型
pupil + of + school/teacher
pupil + in + class/school
用法筆記
Note: The noun senses below (SCHOOL STUDENT, DISTINGUISHED PERSON'S STUDENT, EYE APERTURE) describe the lemma pupil, a separate word from pupillary. 'Pupillary' is an adjective only — see the adjective entry above. More common in British English than American English for schoolchildren; American English prefers 'student'. Can also refer to a learner taught privately by a tutor or music teacher.
常見錯誤
2. a person whom a well-known expert — such as a painter, musician, or scientist —
a person whom a well-known expert — such as a painter, musician, or scientist — has personally taught or guided.
The young painter became a pupil of the famous artist and trained with her for three years.
pattern: pupil of [famous person]
As a pupil of the Nobel-winning physicist, Mei learned how to design complex experiments.
The musician trained his pupils to play the violin with both precision and deep feeling.
Several pupils of the famous architect later designed important buildings around the world.
- disciple
stronger sense of devotion; often used for religious or philosophical followers
- protégé
someone whose career is guided by a more experienced person; implies active sponsorship
- apprentice
someone learning a trade or craft by working with a skilled person
- master
the highly skilled person who teaches the pupil
文法句型
pupil of + person
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1 (SCHOOL STUDENT): this sense implies a one-to-one mentoring or apprenticeship relationship with a distinguished figure, not ordinary classroom learning.
常見錯誤
3. the round, dark opening in the centre of the iris that grows larger or smaller t
the round, dark opening in the centre of the iris that grows larger or smaller to control how much light enters the eye.
Dr. Okafor shone a light into the patient's eye and watched the pupil grow smaller.
pattern: pupil + verb of motion (contracts/dilates/grows)
When Esteban entered the dimly lit cinema, his pupils widened to let in as much light as possible.
After the elderly man fell, his pupils became different sizes, so the nurse called a doctor.
When Theo walked from the dark cinema into the bright street, his pupils shrank almost instantly.
- pupil (common name for the same body part)
'Pupil' is the everyday noun; 'pupillary' is the adjective form
文法句型
the pupil of + possessive + eye
pupil + verb (contracts/dilates)
用法筆記
In ordinary conversation, English speakers usually say 'pupil' for this sense. The adjective 'pupillary' (see adjective entry) is used in medical writing.