result
result — verb
- resultpresent simple I / you / we / they
- results3rd person singular
- resulting-ing form
- resultedpast simple
1. To happen as a direct effect of an action, event, or situation that came before
To happen as a direct effect of an action, event, or situation that came before it, creating a clear cause-and-effect link between the two.
The flooding resulted from weeks of heavy rain in the mountains.
result from + cause (noun phrase showing origin)
The company's losses resulted in the closure of two factories.
result in + effect (noun phrase showing outcome)
Apinya's hard work at school resulted in a place at the university.
The argument between the neighbours resulted from a small misunderstanding about the fence.
The peace talks resulted in a new agreement that both sides accepted.
- arise
More formal; often used for abstract situations (problems, questions, doubts) rather than concrete events.
- stem
Suggests a clear origin or source; used with from (stem from).
- lead to
Covers the result in direction; slightly less formal and can be used with a person as subject.
- cause
Stronger and more direct; the cause is the grammatical subject, not marked by a preposition.
文法句型
result from + noun phrase (cause)
result in + noun phrase (effect)
用法筆記
Always intransitive — this verb cannot take a direct object. You must use from (to name the cause) or in (to name the effect). The subject is either the effect (with from) or the cause (with in).
常見錯誤
result — noun
- resultsingular
- resultsplural
1. a situation or event that happens as a direct outcome of an earlier action or ev
a situation or event that happens as a direct outcome of an earlier action or event
The traffic jam was a direct result of the road repair work.
direct result of [cause]
Higher test scores were one result of the new teaching methods.
Global temperatures are rising as a result of pollution.
The company's growth was the result of years of careful planning.
A power cut can sometimes be a result of a storm damaging the wires.
- consequence
more formal, often used for negative results
- outcome
focuses on the final situation rather than the causal link
- effect
emphasises the direct impact of a cause
- cause
the event or situation that makes something happen
文法句型
result + of + noun phrase
be + the result + of + noun phrase
as a result (of)
用法筆記
Often followed by 'of' to name the cause. The cause comes after 'of' and the result comes before it: 'The flood (result) was a result of heavy rain (cause).'
常見錯誤
2. used in the fixed phrases 'as a result' and 'as a result of' to link an action o
used in the fixed phrases 'as a result' and 'as a result of' to link an action or event to the thing that caused it
Jason missed the start of the meeting as a result of the traffic jam.
as a result of [cause] linking consequence to cause
The match was cancelled as a result of the heavy snow.
The ferry could not leave because of the storm; as a result, everyone waited till morning.
Quan forgot to back up his files and, as a result, lost all his work.
- therefore
an adverb used in the same way as 'as a result', more formal
- consequently
more formal, often used in academic writing
- thus
formal, used in written English
文法句型
as a result of + noun phrase
as a result + clause
with the result that + clause
用法筆記
This sense only appears in the fixed phrases 'as a result (of)' and 'with the result that'. Do not add an adjective before 'result' in this construction — 'as a direct result of' is possible, but 'as a good result of' is not natural.
常見錯誤
3. a noticeable positive effect that you achieve through hard work, effort, or a pa
a noticeable positive effect that you achieve through hard work, effort, or a particular method — for example, a weight-loss plan that shows results, or a business strategy that produces good results
The new training programme began to show results after just two weeks.
show results — collocation for noticing positive effects
The school's fundraising campaign achieved the desired result of building a new library.
Gita tried several diets before finding one that produced real results.
Mei practiced piano daily for months, and her effort finally got results at the competition.
- failure
when no positive effect is achieved
文法句型
produce + results
achieve + results
get + results
show + results
用法筆記
Commonly used in the plural (results) to refer to visible positive changes. When used in the singular (a result), it often specifies a single goal: 'The desired result was lower costs.'
常見錯誤
4. the information or data produced by a scientific experiment, medical test, or la
the information or data produced by a scientific experiment, medical test, or laboratory analysis — such as a blood test showing infection levels, or a chemistry experiment revealing a chemical's properties
The lab results showed no signs of any infection.
lab results + show — medical test data
Sofia received her test results a week after the hospital visit.
The researchers published the results of their experiment in a science journal.
A negative result on the pregnancy test means you are not pregnant.
The blood test results came back normal, which was a relief to everyone.
文法句型
result + of + noun phrase
results + show/indicate/reveal + that-clause
test/lab/experiment + results
用法筆記
Usually appears with a modifier (blood test results, lab results, experiment results). Common verbs: show, indicate, reveal, confirm, come back. 'Positive' and 'negative' are used to describe what was found, not whether the result is good or bad.
常見錯誤
5. the score, level, or letter the student is given after completing a test, exam,
the score, level, or letter the student is given after completing a test, exam, or course
Students will receive their exam results by email in August.
receive exam results — typical verb collocation
Layla was happy with her maths test result this term.
The school publishes all final exam results on its website.
Ezra's results improved a lot after he joined the evening study group.
文法句型
exam/test + results
receive/get + results
publish/release + results
用法筆記
Usually plural (results) when referring to all the marks from a set of exams. Use singular (result) when talking about one specific test: 'Her result in the biology exam was excellent.'
常見錯誤
6. the final number or answer produced by a mathematical calculation
the final number or answer produced by a mathematical calculation
Check your result by multiplying the two numbers together.
check your result — verifying a calculation
The calculator showed a result of forty-two for that sum.
All three students got the same result for the algebra problem.
If you add fifteen and nine, the result is twenty-four.
文法句型
get + the + result
result + of + calculation
check + result
用法筆記
Usually singular. In school contexts, 'answer' is more common in everyday questions ('What is the answer?'), while 'result' is more formal or technical.
常見錯誤
7. the numbers or scores that are announced after a sports match, election, or comp
the numbers or scores that are announced after a sports match, election, or competition, telling you who has won or lost and by how much.
Takeshi checked the match result on his phone as soon as the game ended.
result + on + [device]
Hoa stayed up late to watch the election results come in on television.
The final result showed that our school team won by just two points.
Walid checked the football match result on his phone and cheered when his team won.
When the result of the vote was announced, the room fell silent.
文法句型
result + of + noun phrase
the results + are + in
用法筆記
Often used in the plural form (results) even when talking about a single competition, because a match or election produces a set of numbers rather than one number.
常見錯誤
8. a winning finish in an athletic contest where a player or team beats their oppon
a winning finish in an athletic contest where a player or team beats their opponent instead of losing or drawing.
The team celebrated a famous result against the league champions last Saturday.
result + against + [opponent]
Vinícius hoped for a good result in the semi-final next weekend.
Adaeze was proud of her result in the swimming competition last month.
Yuna's result in the chess tournament moved her up in the national rankings.
文法句型
result + against + opponent
result + in + competition
用法筆記
Common in British sports journalism and conversation. In American English, 'win' or 'victory' is more usual for this meaning.
常見錯誤
9. the official numbers that a company publishes showing its sales, earnings, or lo
the official numbers that a company publishes showing its sales, earnings, or losses over a fixed period such as a quarter or a year.
Élise presented the quarterly results to the board of directors this morning.
collocation: quarterly results
The company's annual results showed a big increase in overseas sales.
collocation: annual results
Faisal studied the financial results carefully before investing in the firm.
Inês compared this year's results with last year to check the growth rate.
文法句型
financial results
quarterly results
annual results
results + for + period
用法筆記
Typically appears in plural form. A single company may report results for multiple divisions or products, and the term is almost always used in the plural even when discussing a single reporting period.