spastic

spastic — adjective

IPA/ˈspæs.tɪk/
KK[spˈæstɪk]IPA/ˈspæs.tɪk/
  • spasticpositive
  • more spasticcomparative
  • most spasticsuperlative

1. describes a muscle or a muscle movement that becomes suddenly tight, stiff, or h

1.形容詞B2
釋義

describes a muscle or a muscle movement that becomes suddenly tight, stiff, or hard to relax, often because of damage to the brain or nerves that control movement

例句

After his stroke, Mr. Chen's left arm showed spastic movements that he could not control.

spastic + noun (movements, muscles) in clinical descriptions

The physiotherapist showed Linh how daily stretches could ease the spastic muscles in her calf.

同義詞
  • stiff

    less specific; describes any kind of resistance to movement, not just nerve-related tightness

  • rigid

    suggests complete resistance to movement, often with a clinical tone

  • tight

    everyday word for muscles that feel contracted, but does not imply an underlying nerve condition

反義詞
  • relaxed

    describes muscles that are loose and easy to move

  • supple

    describes muscles that move freely and bend easily

用法筆記

Most often used in medical contexts to describe muscles affected by conditions such as stroke, cerebral palsy, or spinal cord injury.

常見錯誤

His leg felt spastic from sitting too long.
His leg felt stiff from sitting too long.
💡Spastic refers to a specific medical condition of uncontrolled muscle tightness, not ordinary stiffness or cramping.

2. describes a medical condition in which a person's muscles stay tight or contract

2.形容詞B2
釋義

describes a medical condition in which a person's muscles stay tight or contract suddenly and the person cannot control those movements

例句

Cerebral palsy is one of the most common spastic conditions affecting children worldwide.

spastic + condition / syndrome / disorder

The children's hospital in Taipei treats spastic disorders caused by oxygen loss during birth.

同義詞
  • spasmodic

    describes movements that come and go suddenly, more general than spastic

  • convulsive

    describes violent, uncontrolled muscle shaking, usually during a seizure

用法筆記

Followed by a noun that names the condition (e.g. spastic paralysis, spastic diplegia, spastic syndrome). The word is still used in clinical diagnosis but is being replaced by more precise terms in patient-facing communication.

常見錯誤

She has spastic.
She has a spastic condition.' or 'She has spasticity.
💡Spastic is an adjective, not a noun, when describing a medical condition.

3. used as a vicious insult for someone whose movements or behaviour seem strange,

3.形容詞C1
釋義

used as a vicious insult for someone whose movements or behaviour seem strange, awkward, or uncontrolled — never say this word

例句

Otis shouted spastic at a teammate who missed the goal, so the coach made him apologise.

shows real-world insult scenario and immediate consequence

The teenager was suspended for shouting the word spastic as an insult at a classmate with a disability.

同義詞
  • clumsy

    neutral word for someone who drops things or moves awkwardly; no association with disability

  • awkward

    describes movements that are not smooth or graceful; safe to use

用法筆記

NEVER use this word. It causes serious emotional harm to people with disabilities and their families. The offence comes from using a medical term for a movement disorder as a general insult for clumsiness or strangeness. Alternatives: awkward, clumsy, uncoordinated.

常見錯誤

He was being a bit spastic today.' (intended as mild slang)
He was being a bit clumsy today.
💡Using spastic as slang is offensive even if no offence is intended.

4. a term that doctors no longer use for someone affected by cerebral palsy; it was

4.形容詞C1
釋義

a term that doctors no longer use for someone affected by cerebral palsy; it was once a clinical label but today it is considered a deeply offensive word

例句

In the past, doctors used the term spastic to describe children born with cerebral palsy.

historical medical usage: no longer acceptable

Dr. Nakamura paused at the word spastic in a 1962 neurology textbook she was cataloguing.

historical medical usage shown through specific person and year

用法筆記

This is the sense that changed most dramatically in social acceptability. Originally a clinical term (from the 1950s–1980s), it is now avoided in both medical and everyday language. Modern alternatives: 'person with cerebral palsy' or 'someone who has cerebral palsy.'

常見錯誤

He is a spastic child.' (even if referring to a genuine diagnosis)
He is a child with cerebral palsy.
💡The term spastic is no longer acceptable even in medical contexts involving real people.

spastic — noun

IPA/ˈspæstɪk/
KK[spˈæstɪk]IPA/ˈspæstɪk/