subpoena

/səˈpiː.nə/ (bre, ipa) · [səpˈinə] /səˈpiː.nə/ (ame, ipa) · [səpˈinə] /sə-ˈpē-nə How to pronounce subpoena (audio) nonstandard -nē How to pronounce subpoena (audio)/ (ame, mw) · /səˈpiːnə/ (bre, ipa) · [səpˈinə] /səˈpiːnə/ (ame, ipa)

subpoena — verb

  • subpoenapresent simple I / you / we / they
  • subpoenas3rd person singular
  • subpoenaing-ing form
  • subpoenaedpast simple

1. to officially require someone to appear in a court of law and give information,

1.動詞及物C1
釋義

to officially require someone to appear in a court of law and give information, usually because they saw or know something related to a case.

例句

The judge issued an order to subpoena Wei as a witness in the trial.

collocation: subpoena + as a witness

Elena was subpoenaed to appear before the grand jury last Thursday.

passive: be subpoenaed to appear

同義詞
  • summon

    more general; can be used outside legal contexts

  • cite

    formal, used for official orders in both legal and non-legal settings

  • call

    informal; much less formal than subpoena and not legally binding

文法句型

subpoena + person

be subpoenaed + to-infinitive

be subpoenaed + as (witness)

用法筆記

Subject is usually a court, a prosecutor, a committee, or other legal authority. The person being subpoenaed is typically a witness rather than the person accused of a crime.

常見錯誤

The police subpoenaed the suspect for stealing the car.
The police arrested the suspect for stealing the car.
💡A subpoena is a court order to testify as a witness, not an arrest or a charge for a crime.

2. to officially demand that documents, records, or other physical evidence be hand

2.動詞及物C2
釋義

to officially demand that documents, records, or other physical evidence be handed over to a court for examination during a legal case.

例句

The court subpoenaed all email records from the company's internal server.

collocation: subpoena + records from [institution]

Kaito's accounting firm was subpoenaed for its financial documents last month.

passive: be subpoenaed for [documents]

同義詞
  • demand

    more general and not restricted to legal contexts

  • request

    softer and non-compulsory, unlike a subpoena which is legally binding

  • order

    more general; any official instruction, not necessarily through a court

文法句型

subpoena + documents/records

be subpoenaed for + documents

subpoena + documents + from + institution

用法筆記

Only sense that takes documents or records as its object rather than a person. Often used in the passive voice to focus on the documents demanded.

常見錯誤

The judge subpoenaed the defendant to explain his actions in court.
The judge subpoenaed the defendant's medical records from the hospital.
💡Use subpoena for requiring documents or evidence to be produced; use the ORDER TO TESTIFY sense when requiring a person to attend court.

subpoena — noun