surnamed

IPA/sˈɜːneɪmd/
IPA/sˈɜːneɪmd/

surnamed — adjective

  • surnamedpositive
  • more surnamedcomparative
  • most surnamedsuperlative

1. having a particular surname or family name that is shared by family members and

1.形容詞A2
釋義

having a particular surname or family name that is shared by family members and passed down through generations — for example, a child surnamed Patel or a family surnamed Chen.

例句

When Greta married Leo, she chose to keep her German surname instead of taking his Italian one.

collocation: keep one's surname after marriage

Lukas checked the class list and found that three students shared the surname 'Müller.'

同義詞
  • family name

    same meaning; more transparent for learners

  • last name

    common in everyday North American English

  • patronymic

    a surname based on the father's name, common in Icelandic and Russian naming

反義詞
  • given name

    the personal name chosen by parents at birth

  • first name

    the name that comes before the surname in English order

文法句型

someone + surnamed + [name]

用法筆記

In most English-speaking countries, the surname is written after the given name. However, in many East Asian cultures including Taiwan, the family name comes first. On English forms, 'surname,' 'last name,' and 'family name' all refer to the same thing.

常見錯誤

My surname is Wei and my given name is Chen.' (if Wei is the given name).
My given name is Wei and my surname is Chen.
💡In Chinese name order, the family name comes first, but when writing in English the given name is listed before the surname.

2. having a particular added name or nickname in former times, based on a person's

2.形容詞B2
釋義

having a particular added name or nickname in former times, based on a person's occupation, location, or personal feature, used to tell them apart from others with the same first name — for example, a man surnamed 'Baker' because he made bread.

例句

In medieval villages, a man named John received the surname 'Shepherd' because he tended sheep.

receive + the surname + [descriptive name]

The surname 'White' originally described someone with very light hair or pale skin.

descriptive origin of a surname

同義詞
  • byname

    a more specific scholarly term for an extra descriptive name

  • epithet

    formal; describes a descriptive title that highlights a quality

  • nickname

    more common but less tied to historical naming systems

文法句型

someone + surnamed + [descriptive name]

用法筆記

This historical sense is now rare in everyday conversation. Most modern uses of 'surname' refer to the family-name sense (sense 1). You may encounter this sense in historical writing, genealogy, or discussions about the origin of names.

常見錯誤

I gave my cat the surname Fluffy.
In historical records, the blacksmith was given the surname Smith.
💡The historical 'surname' sense is not used for modern nicknames or pet names.

surnamed — verb