bureaucracy
bureaucracy — 名詞
- bureaucracysingular
- bureaucraciesplural
1. the network of offices and officials that runs a government or large organizatio
官僚體制
程序繁瑣的行政體系
the network of offices and officials that runs a government or large organization through fixed steps, paperwork, and clear ranks, often making simple matters slow and complicated.
The hospital's bureaucracy kept Leila waiting three months for a wheelchair.
醫院的官僚體制讓 Leila 等了三個月才拿到輪椅。
possessive pattern: the hospital's bureaucracy
City bureaucracy made Bao get five stamps before opening the shop.
市府的官僚體制讓 Bao 開店前得先蓋五個章。
bureaucracy + made + object + verb
Parents complained that school bureaucracy delayed lunch money for new students.
家長抱怨，學校的官僚體制拖延了新生的午餐補助。
Even the mayor admitted the bureaucracy moves too slowly after floods.
連市長都承認，這套官僚體制在水災後運作得太慢。
the bureaucracy + verb
Layers of bureaucracy stopped Ravi from replacing the broken streetlight.
一層層的官僚程序讓 Ravi 無法更換那盞壞掉的路燈。
collocation: layers of bureaucracy
- government bureaucracy
- city bureaucracy
- layers of bureaucracy
- cut through bureaucracy
- reduce bureaucracy
- get stuck in bureaucracy
- administration
more neutral; can simply mean the way an organization is managed
- red tape
focuses on annoying rules and paperwork rather than the whole structure
- officialdom
formal and critical; stresses officials as a group
- civil service
usually means government employees themselves, especially in one country
文法句型
bureaucracy of + organization
layers of bureaucracy
用法筆記
Usually modified by the place or institution involved, as in government bureaucracy, city bureaucracy, or university bureaucracy. Often carries a negative tone and appears with verbs such as cut through, reduce, complain about, or get stuck in.
常見錯誤
同根字
- bureaucratic形容詞C1
- bureaucrat名詞C2
- bureaucratically副詞C2
常見搭配
名詞搭配
- government bureaucracy
- state bureaucracy
- federal bureaucracy
- university bureaucracy
常用片語
- cut through bureaucracy
- layers of bureaucracy
- stuck in bureaucracy
介系詞搭配
- bureaucracy of
- bureaucracy in