gouge
/ɡaʊdʒ/ (bre, ipa) · /ɡaʊdʒ/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈgau̇j/ (ame, mw)
gouge — 動詞
- gougepresent simple I / you / we / they
- gougeshe / she / it
- gougedpast simple
- gouging-ing form
1. to charge someone a much higher price than is fair or reasonable, especially whe
敲詐；哄抬
收取不合理的高價
to charge someone a much higher price than is fair or reasonable, especially when that person has no other choice or is in a difficult situation
The repair shop tried to gouge the elderly couple by charging them triple the usual price for a simple pipe fix.
那間修車廠試圖敲詐那對老夫婦，對一個簡單的水管修理收取三倍的正常價格。
collocation: gouge someone by charging...
During the music festival, local hotels gouged tourists by raising their room rates by over three hundred percent.
音樂節期間，當地旅館將房價提高三倍以上，藉此敲詐遊客。
Some landlords gouge tenants by adding hidden fees that were never mentioned in the rental agreement.
有些房東在租約中隱瞞額外費用，藉此敲詐房客。
After the hurricane, the government passed a law to prevent stores from gouging customers on essential goods like bottled water and fuel.
颶風過後，政府通過法律禁止商店在瓶裝水和燃料等必需物資上哄抬價格。
Travel agencies sometimes gouge holidaymakers who book flights at the very last minute.
旅行社有時會敲詐最後一刻才訂機票的旅客。
- overcharge
neutral term; 'gouge' implies exploitation, not just a high price
- fleece
also informal, suggests cheating someone out of money, but less intense
- rip off
informal; can refer to being charged too much or receiving poor value
- undercharge
opposite; charge less than the fair price, usually by mistake
文法句型
gouge + someone + on + price
gouge + someone
用法筆記
Most common in American English; frequently appears in the noun compound 'price gouging' (selling essential goods at unfair prices during emergencies). The object is usually a person or group, not an item — you gouge a customer, not a product.
常見錯誤
2. to create a deep cut, hole, or mark by pressing a sharp tool or object into a su
鑿；挖
用暴力挖出凹痕
to create a deep cut, hole, or mark by pressing a sharp tool or object into a surface with force, often leaving a rough edge
The sculptor carefully gouged deep lines into the marble block using a metal chisel.
雕刻家用金屬鑿子在大理石塊上鑿出深深的線條。
gouge + into + surface
Floodwaters gouged a wide channel across the hillside after three days of heavy rain.
連續三天的暴雨過後，洪水在山坡上沖刷出一條寬闊的溝渠。
Someone had gouged their initials into the wooden bench near the park entrance.
有人在公園入口附近的木長椅上刻下了自己的姓名縮寫。
The carpenter gouged a narrow groove along the edge of the oak shelf to fit the back panel.
木匠在橡木層架的邊緣鑿出一道狹長的凹槽，以便安裝背板。
A sharp rock gouged a long scratch down the side of the delivery truck as it passed the narrow alley.
一塊尖銳的石頭在貨車經過狹窄巷弄時，在車身側面劃出一道長長的刮痕。
- fill
to put material back into a hole or mark, opposite of removing it
文法句型
gouge + out + object
gouge + into + surface
用法筆記
The adverb 'out' often follows this sense (gouge out) when the material is removed from the surface. The resulting mark is called a gouge (noun sense 1).
常見錯誤
3. to press or push your thumb forcefully into someone's eye, or to force their eye
挖出；戳瞎
用拇指挖出眼球
to press or push your thumb forcefully into someone's eye, or to force their eyeball out of the socket using your thumb
The security guard threatened to gouge the attacker's eyes out if he did not let go.
警衛威脅說，如果攻擊者不放手，就要把他的眼睛挖出來。
gouge + out + [body part]
In the ancient legend, the hero gouged out the giant's single eye with a burning stick.
在古代傳說中，英雄用燃燒的木棍挖出了巨人的獨眼。
gouge + out + [object] + with + [instrument]
The doctor explained that a strong blow to the patient's face could have gouged his eye from its socket.
醫生解釋說，那名患者臉部受到重擊，可能導致眼球被擠出眼窩。
During the violent struggle, the prisoner tried to gouge his opponent's eyes to escape.
在激烈的搏鬥中，那名囚犯試圖戳瞎對手的眼睛以趁機逃脫。
Prisoners of war reported that their captors threatened to gouge out their eyes if they attempted to flee.
戰俘們報告說，俘虜他們的人威脅要挖出他們的眼睛，如果他們試圖逃跑。
文法句型
gouge + out + someone's + eye
用法筆記
This is the most violent sense of 'gouge'. It appears most often in historical accounts, myths, self-defence instructions, or crime reports. The object is always a person's eye or eyes.
常見錯誤
gouge — 名詞
- gougesingular
- gougesplural
1. a long, narrow hollow or damaged area left on a surface after a sharp object has
凹痕；溝槽
挖出的凹陷或刻痕
a long, narrow hollow or damaged area left on a surface after a sharp object has been dug or cut across it
There was an ugly gouge in the floor where someone had dragged heavy furniture across it.
地板上有一道難看的凹痕，是有人拖動重型家具時造成的。
gouge + in + surface
A falling rock left a deep gouge in the side of the parked car near the driver's door.
一塊落石在停在路邊的汽車車門附近留下了一道深深的凹槽。
Geologists studied the long gouge in the canyon walls, carved by thousands of years of flowing water.
地質學家研究了峽谷壁上的長條溝壑，那是數千年流水沖刷而成的。
A wide gouge ran across the workbench from years of heavy use by the carpenter.
木匠的工作檯上有一道寬闊的凹痕，是多年來重度使用留下的痕跡。
The antique table had several small gouges near its edges where children had played with sharp toys.
那張古董桌子的邊緣附近有幾處小凹痕，是小朋友玩尖銳玩具時留下的。
- groove
more regular and deliberate; a groove is often made on purpose and has a uniform shape
- indentation
broader term; can be a hollow pushed in rather than cut out
- dent
usually caused by a blow that pushes material inward, not by cutting or scraping
文法句型
a + adjective + gouge + in/on + surface
用法筆記
A gouge is usually deeper and more irregular than a scratch or a dent. It implies that material has been removed from the surface, not just pushed aside.
常見錯誤
2. a tool with a short handle and a curved, sharp blade, used by woodworkers and sc
弧口鑿；圓鑿
雕刻或手術用的彎刃工具
a tool with a short handle and a curved, sharp blade, used by woodworkers and sculptors for cutting grooves in wood or stone, and by surgeons for removing bone
The woodcarver picked up a medium-sized gouge and began shaping the curved handle of the ladle.
木雕師拿起一把中號弧口鑿，開始雕刻湯匙的彎曲握柄。
medium-sized gouge
The surgeon placed several surgical gouges on the tray before starting the bone operation.
外科醫師在開始骨骼手術前，在手術托盤上放了幾把外科圓鑿。
surgical gouge
With a single sweep of his gouge, the sculptor removed a thin curl of stone from the statue's shoulder.
雕刻家用弧口鑿輕輕一掃，便從雕像的肩膀上削下一片薄薄的石屑。
A narrow gouge cuts a rounded hollow in the wood, while a flat chisel produces a straight, square cut.
窄弧口鑿在木頭上切出圓弧形的凹槽，而平鑿則切出筆直方正的切口。
- chisel
broader category; most chisels have a flat blade, while a gouge has a curved blade
- carving tool
general term for any tool used to shape wood or stone
文法句型
a + adjective + gouge
surgical gouge
用法筆記
In woodworking, gouges come in various widths and curvatures (called 'sweeps'), each producing a different shape of cut. In surgery, a bone gouge is a specialised instrument for shaving or cutting bone tissue.