heretic
heretic — 名詞
- hereticsingular
- hereticsplural
1. a person who publicly challenges the ideas or practices that most people in a gr
異議者
挑戰主流觀點的人
a person who publicly challenges the ideas or practices that most people in a group, profession, or society accept as normal and correct
Beatriz was called a heretic by her colleagues for arguing that the company should stop selling to its biggest customer.
Beatriz 因主張公司應停止與最大客戶合作，被同事稱為異議分子。
call + someone + a heretic + for + [gerund]
In the tech industry, anyone who questions the value of artificial intelligence is quickly dismissed as a heretic.
在科技業，任何質疑人工智慧價值的人，很快會被當成異端來看待。
dismiss + someone + as + a heretic
The lead architect proposed wood, not concrete, for the museum and was treated as a heretic.
首席建築師提議博物館使用木材而非混凝土，結果被視為異議分子。
Elena was branded a heretic by the editorial board after she wrote an article questioning the magazine's long-standing political stance.
Elena 因撰文質疑雜誌長期的政治立場，被編輯委員會指為異端。
Principal Soraya wanted more library books and fewer tablets, so the tech committee labelled her a heretic.
校長 Soraya 希望增加圖書館藏書、減少平板數量，因而被科技委員會貼上異端標籤。
- dissenter
more neutral; a dissenter simply disagrees, whereas a heretic is seen as dangerously wrong
- nonconformist
broader — someone who does not follow social conventions, not necessarily a challenger of core beliefs
- renegade
implies active betrayal of a group one used to belong to
- conformist
someone who follows accepted rules and opinions without question
- traditionalist
someone who strongly supports long-established beliefs
文法句型
be dismissed as / be branded as / be treated as + heretic
call / label / brand + someone + a heretic
用法筆記
In this non-religious sense, heretic is usually paired with a verb of labelling (call, brand, dismiss as, treat as) plus a reason introduced by for, because, or a relative clause. The noun often appears with a possessive determiner: 'the industry's heretics'.
常見錯誤
2. a person whose beliefs about God, faith, or worship are rejected by the official
異端分子
信仰違背正統教義者
a person whose beliefs about God, faith, or worship are rejected by the official leaders of their religion as false or dangerous
During the Reformation, both Catholics and Protestants condemned each other's followers as heretics.
宗教改革期間，天主教徒和新教徒都將對方的追隨者譴責為異端。
condemn + someone + as + a heretic (historical context)
Pastor Ilan was declared a heretic by the church council after he denied the doctrine of eternal punishment.
Ilan 牧師因否定永恆懲罰的教義，被教會會議宣布為異端分子。
declare + someone + a heretic + by + [authority]
The bishop warned that anyone who translated the scriptures into local languages would be treated as a heretic.
主教警告說，任何將聖經翻譯成當地語言的人都會被當作異端對待。
In 1633, the Catholic Church forced the astronomer Galileo to publicly deny his own findings or face punishment as a heretic.
1633 年，天主教會強迫天文學家伽利略公開否定自己的發現，否則就要被當作異端處罰。
When Minh began teaching that heaven was not a physical place, her congregation accused her of speaking like a heretic.
當 Minh 開始教導說天堂並非實體場所時，她的會眾指責她說話像個異端分子。
- apostate
someone who has completely abandoned their religion, not merely holds unorthodox views within it
- schismatic
someone who causes a split in the church over discipline or organization, not necessarily over doctrine
- unbeliever
a broader term for anyone who does not hold a particular faith; unlike heretic, it does not imply former membership
- orthodox believer
someone who accepts the official teachings of their faith without question
- faithful
a loyal member of a religious community who follows its doctrines
文法句型
declare / brand / condemn + someone + (as) + a heretic
be burned / executed / punished + as + a heretic
用法筆記
Historically, being declared a heretic often led to formal excommunication or legal punishment. In modern usage, the religious sense is still current but carries less life-threatening weight — churches may expel or shun a heretic rather than prosecute them.