holdover
/ˈhəʊldəʊvə(r)/ (bre, ipa) · [hˈoldˌovɚ] /ˈhəʊldəʊvər/ (ame, ipa) · [hˈoldˌovɚ] /ˈhōld-ˌō-vər/ (ame, mw)
holdover — 名詞
- holdoversingular
- holdoversplural
1. someone or something left over from a past period — for example, a staff member
留任者；舊物
從先前時期留下的人、習俗或事物
someone or something left over from a past period — for example, a staff member who stays on after a new boss arrives, or a custom that people still follow even though it began long ago.
Takeshi was the only holdover from Dr. Chen's research team at the Osaka lab.
Takeshi 是陳博士在大阪研究室團隊裡唯一的留任者。
holdover from + [previous group or institution]
The dress code is a holdover from the school's strict 1950s founding rules.
這套服裝規定是該校1950年代創校時訂下的舊規矩，一直沿用至今。
holdover from + [historical period or era]
Fatima stayed as a holdover on the board after the new chairperson took over.
新任主席上任後，Fatima 以留任者的身分留在董事會。
The stone fireplace, a holdover from the old farmhouse, still warmed the cottage on chilly evenings.
這座石砌壁爐是從前農舍留下的舊物，在寒冷夜晚仍為小屋供暖。
Three senior engineers remained as holdovers long after the company restructured.
公司改組很久之後，三位資深工程師仍以留任者身分留在崗位上。
用法筆記
Often used in political and business writing to describe people who keep their jobs through a change of government or management. It can also refer to customs, rules, or objects from a bygone era that still exist.
常見錯誤
holdover — 動詞
- holdoverpresent simple I / you / we / they
- holdovers3rd person singular
- holdovering-ing form
- holdoveredpast simple
1. to stay in a job or role beyond the point when others have moved on; or to keep
留任；續任
在原職位繼續待下去，或讓他人續留
to stay in a job or role beyond the point when others have moved on; or to keep someone in their post from one period into the next.
The office manager agreed to hold over until the company found a replacement.
辦公室經理同意留任，直到公司找到接替人選為止。
Governor Shah held over for six months after her official term ended.
Shah 州長在正式任期結束後又續任了六個月。
The board voted to hold the CEO over into the next financial year.
董事會表決將執行長留任到下一個財務年度。
Principal Osei was held over at the village school for an extra term.
Osei 校長被續聘在村裡學校多待一個學期。
The caretaker held over at the estate while the owners searched for a buyer.
管理員續留在莊園，直到屋主找到買家為止。
文法句型
hold over
hold + someone + over
用法筆記
Can be used intransitively ('she held over for another year') or transitively ('the board held her over'). Common in formal workplace and political contexts.
2. to delay dealing with a matter until a later meeting or session.
擱置；延後
將決策或案件推遲到較晚處理
to delay dealing with a matter until a later meeting or session.
The chairperson asked to hold the decision over until the next board meeting.
主席要求將這項決定擱置到下次董事會議。
The judge held the sentencing over for two weeks to review new evidence.
法官將判決延後兩週，以便檢視新證據。
hold + the sentencing/case + over + for + time period
The committee agreed to hold over the vote on the funding proposal.
委員會同意將資金提案的表決擱置。
The court held the case over while waiting for a key witness from abroad.
法院將案件延後，等待一名關鍵證人從海外前來。
The bill was held over to the autumn session after fierce debate in parliament.
經過國會激烈辯論後，該法案被擱置到秋季會期。
文法句型
hold + something + over
hold over + something
用法筆記
Object is typically a procedural item — a bill, case, decision, or vote. The setting is nearly always formal: courts, parliaments, committees, and boardrooms. Distinguish from verb sense 1 (CONTINUE IN ROLE), which is about staying in a job rather than postponing business.