incur

IPA/ɪnˈkɜː(r)/
KK[ˌɪnkˈɚ]IPA/ɪnˈkɜːr/

incur — 動詞

  • incurpresent simple I / you / we / they
  • incurshe / she / it
  • incurredpast simple
  • incurring-ing form

1. to end up facing a negative outcome — such as a cost, a penalty, or someone's an

1.動詞及物B2
釋義

招致；蒙受

因自身行為而承受負面後果

to end up facing a negative outcome — such as a cost, a penalty, or someone's anger — because of something you did, agreed to, or put yourself in the position for.

例句

Tanvi incurred a large hospital bill after spending a night in the emergency room.

Tanvi 在急診室待了一晚後，招致了巨額的醫療費用。

collocation: incur + [bill / cost / expense] (financial consequences)

The shipping company incurred heavy losses during last year's economic downturn.

那家航運公司在去年的經濟衰退期間蒙受了巨額虧損。

collocation: incur + [loss / debt] (business context)

常見搭配
  • incur + costs
  • incur + losses
  • incur + debt
  • incur + a penalty
  • incur + expenses
  • incur + fees
  • incur + charges
  • incur + someone's anger
  • incur + someone's wrath
  • incur + criticism
  • incur + injury
  • incur + damage
同義詞
  • sustain

    more formal and passive; often paired with injury or loss (sustain damage)

  • suffer

    broader range and less formal; can describe physical pain or emotional hardship

  • contract

    specific to debts, obligations, or diseases; has a legal tone

  • run up

    informal; only for debts or bills (run up a huge credit card bill)

反義詞
  • avoid

    deliberately prevent a negative outcome (avoid incurring penalties)

  • escape

    manage not to experience something undesirable (escape incurring any fines)

文法句型

incur + noun phrase

用法筆記

Frequently used in business, legal, and official writing. The object is almost always something negative — costs, losses, debts, penalties, anger, criticism, or injury. Not used with positive outcomes (do not say 'incur a benefit').

常見錯誤

The accident incurred near the highway.
The accident occurred near the highway.
'Incur' is transitive (you incur something); it does not mean 'happen'.
She incurred a wonderful new opportunity.
She incurred a large debt after opening the business.
'Incur' only describes negative outcomes, never positive ones.

同根字

常見搭配

名詞搭配

副詞搭配

常用片語

  • incur the wrath of
  • incur a penalty for
  • incur additional costs