xenophobia
xenophobia — 名詞
1. an attitude of intense hostility or dread towards anyone perceived as an outside
排外；仇外
對外國人或外來者的排斥或敵視
an attitude of intense hostility or dread towards anyone perceived as an outsider, because of their nationality, culture, or unfamiliar customs
Rising xenophobia made it harder for refugee families to find housing in the city.
排外情緒升溫，使得難民家庭更難在城裡找到住處。
rise in xenophobia — collocation with verbs of increase
Amihan wrote an essay about how xenophobia hurts immigrants and their new communities.
Amihan 寫了一篇作文，探討排外如何傷害移民及其新社區。
xenophobia hurts [group] — noun as subject affecting a target group
Local leaders held a meeting to reduce xenophobia after attacks on foreign-owned shops.
在外籍商店遭攻擊後，地方領袖開會討論如何減少排外情緒。
Brandon's grandparents faced xenophobia when they arrived from Vietnam, but neighbours later became close friends.
Brandon 的祖父母從越南抵達時曾遭遇排外，但鄰居後來成了親密的朋友。
Ayesha was sad to see xenophobia at her new school, where students mocked international classmates.
Ayesha 在新學校看到排外現象感到難過，那裡有學生嘲笑國際同學。
- racism
Overlapping but distinct: racism targets people based on race or skin colour, while xenophobia targets people based on foreignness or nationality.
- prejudice
Broader term for any preconceived negative opinion; xenophobia is a specific type of prejudice directed at foreigners.
- ethnocentrism
The belief that one's own culture is superior; this can feed xenophobia but is more about cultural judgement than active hostility.
- cosmopolitanism
The idea that all people belong to a single global community, directly opposed to xenophobic attitudes.
- tolerance
Willingness to accept different cultures and people, the opposite of xenophobic hostility.
用法筆記
Uncountable noun. Often appears in news reports and discussions about politics, immigration, and social conflict. Can be followed by 'towards' or 'against' to specify the target.