considering
/kənˈsɪd.ər.ɪŋ/ (bre, ipa) · [kənsˈɪdɚɪŋ] /kənˈsɪd.ɚ.ɪŋ/ (ame, ipa) · [kənsˈɪdɚɪŋ] /kən-ˈsi-d(ə-)riŋ/ (ame, mw)
considering — preposition
1. used when you mention a fact about a situation — especially an unfavourable one
used when you mention a fact about a situation — especially an unfavourable one — to help explain why something is the way it is or to give a balanced opinion about it
Considering the heavy rain, the picnic turnout was surprisingly good.
considering + noun phrase showing a disadvantage
Jiwoo did quite well on the test considering she had only three days to study.
considering + that-clause (that often omitted)
The hotel was comfortable enough, considering the price we paid.
Considering his age, Grandfather still walks a very long way every morning.
The team played well considering their best player was injured.
- given
more neutral; does not carry the 'drawback' nuance that considering often has
- in view of
more formal; typically used in written or official contexts
- taking into consideration
slightly more emphatic; 'taking into consideration the cost, we chose the cheaper option'
- regardless of
opposite meaning — indicates that a fact does NOT change a judgment
文法句型
considering + noun phrase
considering + that-clause
用法筆記
Often used when the fact being mentioned is a drawback or limitation, but can also introduce neutral context. Frequently placed at the beginning of a sentence or clause. When followed by a full clause, 'that' is commonly dropped (e.g. 'considering it was raining' not 'considering that it was raining'). Distinguish from the formal conjunction sense (CONJUNCTION/1) which means 'since' or 'because'.
常見錯誤
considering — conjunction
1. used in formal language to introduce a reason for something, with the meaning 'b
used in formal language to introduce a reason for something, with the meaning 'because of the fact that' or 'in light of the fact that'
Considering that both parties have agreed to the terms, we can now sign the contract.
formal conjunction use: considering that + clause
The board decided to approve the project, considering that all safety requirements had been met.
Considering the evidence clearly points to his innocence, the judge dismissed the case.
The scholarship was awarded to Mira, considering her academic record was outstanding.
Considering that this is a matter of public safety, we cannot delay any further.
- since
less formal; the most common everyday alternative
- inasmuch as
more formal and somewhat dated; used mainly in legal documents
- given that
similar in formality; interchangeable in most cases
- although
conveys contrast rather than cause — 'although it rained, we went out'
文法句型
considering that + clause
considering + clause
用法筆記
Distinguish from the preposition sense (PREPOSITION/1): the preposition sense evaluates or comments on a situation (often a drawback), while this conjunction sense directly states a cause or justification. This sense is common in legal, academic, and official writing. 'That' is more often retained here than in the everyday preposition use.