convictions

IPA/kənˈvɪk.ʃən/
KK[kənvˈɪkʃənz]IPA/kənˈvɪk.ʃən/

convictions — noun

  • convictionssingular
  • convictionsesplural

1. a court's official finding that someone has broken the law, which then becomes p

1.名詞B2
釋義

a court's official finding that someone has broken the law, which then becomes part of their legal record.

例句

The court upheld her conviction, so Isabela must now serve a four-year sentence.

upheld a conviction — court confirms a guilty verdict

People with previous criminal convictions often find it hard to get a job.

previous criminal convictions — collocation for criminal record

同義詞
  • verdict

    a verdict is the jury's decision itself; a conviction is the formal legal result of a guilty verdict

  • guilt

    guilt refers to the state of having committed a crime; a conviction is the official court finding of that guilt

反義詞
  • acquittal

    the opposite legal outcome — a finding of not guilty

文法句型

conviction + for + crime

previous + convictions

appeal + against + conviction

用法筆記

Often used in legal contexts. The plural form 'convictions' refers to multiple past findings of guilt on a person's criminal record.

常見錯誤

She acted on her religious convictions.' (when meaning 'strong beliefs').
She has two previous convictions for shoplifting.
💡sense 1 is only about court judgments of guilt, not about personal principles.

2. a firmly held opinion or set of principles that a person believes are true and i

2.名詞B2
釋義

a firmly held opinion or set of principles that a person believes are true and important, often based on moral, religious, or political values.

例句

Nadia holds strong religious convictions that guide her daily decisions.

hold + strong + convictions — common verb + adjective pattern

The senator spoke about her political convictions during the election campaign.

political convictions — domain-specific collocation

同義詞
  • belief

    a belief can be less intense than a conviction; a conviction implies deeper commitment

  • principle

    a principle is a general rule about right and wrong; a conviction is a specific belief held firmly

  • opinion

    an opinion may change more easily than a conviction, which is deeply held and unlikely to shift

文法句型

convictions + about + topic

hold + convictions

political/religious/moral + convictions

用法筆記

Typically used in the plural ('convictions') when referring to a person's set of moral or political principles. The singular ('conviction') works for one specific strongly held belief, though 'belief' is more common in the singular.

常見錯誤

He spoke with conviction about climate change.' (when meaning 'certainty').
He has strong political convictions about climate change.
💡sense 2 refers to the belief itself, not the manner of expressing it.

3. the inner sureness that something is true, even when no proof is available — for

3.名詞B2
釋義

the inner sureness that something is true, even when no proof is available — for instance, the conviction that you chose the right career path.

例句

Eleni spoke with such conviction that every person in the room believed her story.

speak with conviction — manner of speaking shows certainty

Yumi had a deep inner conviction that she would pass the final exam.

inner conviction that + clause — pattern for unproven certainty

同義詞
  • certainty

    conviction often carries more emotional weight than certainty; certainty can be purely logical

  • assurance

    assurance implies confidence that comes from knowledge; conviction can be driven by faith or instinct

反義詞
  • doubt

    the opposite of conviction — a feeling of uncertainty about whether something is true

文法句型

with + conviction

conviction + that + clause

deep/inner + conviction

用法筆記

Usually uncountable — 'speak with conviction', 'a deep conviction that…'. Distinguish from sense 2: sense 3 focuses on the feeling of certainty itself, while sense 2 refers to the specific belief or principle held.

常見錯誤

The judge announced the conviction of the defendant.' (when meaning 'guilty verdict').
She spoke about her future plans with quiet conviction.
💡sense 3 expresses a feeling of certainty, not a legal judgment. Use sense 1 for court outcomes.