exclusive of
exclusive of — idiom
1. used to show that a particular thing or person has been left out of a total amou
used to show that a particular thing or person has been left out of a total amount, price, or group that is being mentioned or counted.
The concert ticket costs $350, exclusive of the booking fee and service charges.
quantity + exclusive of + [excluded cost items]
Brian's company employs 120 people, exclusive of temporary and part-time staff.
Dinner for six at the restaurant came to £210, exclusive of drinks and tips.
The apartment rent is NT$28,000 per month, exclusive of water and electricity bills.
used with rent and utility costs
Adaeze's fieldwork covers five districts, exclusive of the capital city area.
- exclusive of taxes
- exclusive of fees
- exclusive of charges
- exclusive of costs
- exclusive of staff
- excluding
identical meaning, more common in everyday writing
- not counting
less formal, common in spoken English
- leaving out
more casual; implies a deliberate choice
- including
direct opposite
- inclusive of
direct opposite, same register
Grammar Patterns
[amount/quantity] + exclusive of + [excluded item]
Usage Note
Always placed after the noun phrase or quantity it modifies in this sense. Cannot begin a sentence — the excluded item must follow 'exclusive of' as a prepositional object.
Common Mistakes
2. without considering a particular factor, circumstance, or piece of information w
without considering a particular factor, circumstance, or piece of information when making a calculation, estimate, or judgment.
Exclusive of weekend closures, the road repair work should take about ten days.
fronted: Exclusive of + [factor]
The museum welcomed 50,000 visitors last year, exclusive of guests who attended private evening events.
Exclusive of the time spent downloading updates, the program installs in under three minutes.
Nora's department reduced its budget by 15%, exclusive of inflation adjustments.
Exclusive of public holidays, Stefan has fourteen working days to submit the grant application.
fronted structure with working days
- exclusive of delays
- exclusive of weekends
- exclusive of holidays
- exclusive of adjustments
- exclusive of breaks
- excluding
overlaps with sense 1 but works here too
- setting aside
captures the deliberate separation of a factor
- not counting
informal equivalent
- apart from
softer tone, often used in everyday speech
- including
opposite orientation
- taking into account
direct opposite — factoring in rather than setting aside
Grammar Patterns
Exclusive of + [factor], [main clause]
[result] + exclusive of + [factor]
Usage Note
Often positioned at the opening of a sentence or clause, unlike sense 1. Common in formal reports, project timelines, and financial analyses where a specific factor is deliberately set aside for clarity.
Common Mistakes
Etymology
The phrase 'exclusive of' combines the adjective 'exclusive' (from Latin 'excludere', meaning 'to shut out or keep out') with the preposition 'of'. It emerged in English legal and commercial writing during the 17th century, where precise language was needed to state what was not covered by an agreement, price, or calculation. Over time it spread into formal report-writing, statistics, and everyday business language.
First known use
1722
1722, in the meaning defined above