extremity

/ɪkˈstreməti/ (bre, ipa) · /ɪkˈstreməti/ (ame, ipa) · /ik-ˈstre-mə-tē/ (ame, mw)

extremity — noun

  • extremitysingular
  • extremitiesplural

1. the point on something that lies furthest out from its middle or main body — the

1.名詞C1
釋義

the point on something that lies furthest out from its middle or main body — the very tip, edge, or end.

例句

Minh built a small wooden hut at the northern extremity of the lake.

at the [direction] extremity of [place]

A red flag marked the eastern extremity of the farm where the road turned to dirt.

marked the extremity of [place]

同義詞
  • tip

    shorter, more everyday; for narrow pointed ends

  • edge

    the boundary; less about distance from a centre

  • limit

    the outer boundary line; more abstract

反義詞
  • centre

    the middle point, opposite of the outermost

  • middle

    everyday equivalent of centre

文法句型

the extremity of [noun]

at the extremity of

用法筆記

Subject is usually a geographic feature (island, coast, garden, valley). Often paired with a compass direction (northern, southern, eastern, western). Distinguish from sense 2, which refers specifically to body parts.

常見錯誤

I walked to the extremity of the room.
I walked to the far end of the room.
💡for ordinary rooms or small spaces, English speakers say 'far end' or 'corner'; 'extremity' fits larger geographic or formal contexts.

2. the outer body parts that sit at the greatest distance from a person's heart — c

2.名詞C1
釋義

the outer body parts that sit at the greatest distance from a person's heart — chiefly the fingers, toes, hands, feet, and nose. Used most often in medical talk about cold or poor blood flow.

例句

After hours in the snow, Sivan could no longer feel her extremities.

lose feeling in one's extremities

The doctor checked Mauricio for tingling or numbness in the extremities.

numbness/tingling in the extremities

同義詞
  • limb

    specifically an arm or leg, not fingers/toes/nose

  • appendage

    very technical; any projecting body part

反義詞
  • torso

    the central body, opposite of the outer parts

  • trunk

    the main body without limbs

文法句型

the extremities

in the extremities

用法筆記

Almost always plural ('the extremities'). Strongly medical: appears in clinical notes about circulation, frostbite, diabetes, and shock. Outside medicine, prefer 'hands and feet' in everyday speech.

常見錯誤

My extremity is sore from running.
My foot is sore from running.
💡for a single body part in casual speech, name the part; 'extremity' is plural-medical.

3. the highest possible level that a feeling, situation, or condition can reach — f

3.名詞C2
釋義

the highest possible level that a feeling, situation, or condition can reach — for example, the deepest grief, the sharpest pain, the harshest weather.

例句

Selim could not describe the extremity of his joy when his daughter came home safe.

the extremity of [emotion]

The extremity of the cold that winter killed many of the farmer's young animals.

the extremity of [condition]

同義詞
  • intensity

    more neutral; how strong a feeling is

  • depth

    common for emotions: 'depth of grief'

  • height

    common for positive peaks: 'height of joy'

反義詞
  • mildness

    a low or gentle degree of the same quality

文法句型

the extremity of [noun]

to such an extremity

用法筆記

Subject of the 'of' phrase is usually a feeling (joy, grief, fear) or a difficult condition (cold, poverty, pain). Distinguish from sense 4, which refers to dangerous situations rather than the high degree of a feeling.

常見錯誤

I felt the extremity of happy today.
I felt extreme happiness today.
💡'extremity of' takes a noun (joy, happiness), not an adjective; or use 'extreme' + noun in everyday speech.

4. a very dangerous or desperate situation in which a person feels they have no goo

4.名詞C2
釋義

a very dangerous or desperate situation in which a person feels they have no good choices left — also the drastic action someone takes when pushed into such a moment.

例句

Driven to extremities by hunger, the villagers ate the last of their seed grain.

driven to extremities by [cause]

In such an extremity, Zola felt she had no choice but to ask her old enemy for help.

in such an extremity

同義詞
  • crisis

    a dangerous turning point; more common in modern English

  • desperation

    the feeling of having no options; sense 4 covers both feeling and act

  • last resort

    the drastic action itself, not the situation

反義詞
  • comfort

    a state of safety and ease, opposite of dangerous need

  • security

    freedom from danger and want

文法句型

driven to extremities

in such an extremity

用法筆記

Often appears in the fixed phrase 'driven to extremities' (forced by circumstances into a drastic act). Distinguish from sense 3: sense 4 is about being trapped in a dangerous moment, while sense 3 is about the high degree of a feeling or condition.

常見錯誤

I was in an extremity to find my keys.
I was desperate to find my keys.
💡sense 4 is for serious crisis (war, famine, ruin), not everyday frustration.