gnp

IPA/ˌdʒiː en ˈpiː/
KK[dʒˌiˌɛnpˈi]IPA/ˌdʒiː en ˈpiː/

gnp — noun

1. the total market value of all finished goods and services created by a country's

1.nounB2
Definition

the total market value of all finished goods and services created by a country's people and businesses during one year, counting earnings from overseas investments along with domestic production

Example

Japan's GNP grew faster than expected after the new trade agreement took effect.

GNP + grow / rise / fall — typical verb collocations

The finance minister reported that the country's GNP had risen by over four billion dollars.

Common collocations
  • GNP grows / rises / increases
  • GNP falls / drops / declines
  • GNP figures / data / statistics
  • calculate / measure / report GNP
  • GNP per capita
Synonyms
  • national income

    a broader measure that includes wages, rent, and profits; often used interchangeably in news, though technically distinct

  • economic output

    a more general term for the total value a country produces; less precise than GNP

Grammar Patterns

GNP + verb (rises / falls / grows)

Usage Note

Frequently appears in news reports and economic analyses alongside GDP (Gross Domestic Product). GNP counts income from overseas investments by a country's residents, while GDP counts only production within the country's borders.

Common Mistakes

GNP measures only what is made inside a country.
GNP includes income from foreign investments, while GDP measures only domestic production.
GNP and GDP are different: GNP adds overseas earnings of residents.

2. the written short form for the term 'gross national product', used in economic r

2.nounB2
Definition

the written short form for the term 'gross national product', used in economic reports, news headlines, textbooks, and official documents

Example

During economics class, Ava learned that GNP stands for Gross National Product.

GNP stands for + [full term]

Amani saw the letters GNP in the news headline and asked what they meant.

Common collocations
  • GNP stands for
  • abbreviated as GNP
  • the term GNP

Grammar Patterns

GNP stands for + [full term]

Usage Note

GNP is always written in capital letters without periods between the letters. It is the abbreviation for 'gross national product', but it is often used as a standalone term in economic discussion.

Common Mistakes

The G.N.P. of Taiwan grew last year.
The GNP of Taiwan grew last year.
GNP is written without periods between the letters.

Word family

  • gross national product
    nounB2

Synonym discussion

Sense: noun/1

GNP, GDP, and national income are related but distinct economic measures. GNP (Gross National Product) counts the total value of goods and services produced by a country's residents and businesses anywhere in the world, including overseas earnings. GDP (Gross Domestic Product) counts only what is produced within the country's geographical borders, regardless of who owns the production. For example, a Japanese car factory in the United States contributes to US GDP but to Japan's GNP. National income is a broader concept that adds wages, rent, interest, and profits, subtracting depreciation — it is often slightly lower than GNP. Economic output is a loose, non-technical term that can refer to any of these measures. When reading news reports, check whether the article refers to 'GNP' or 'GDP' — the choice changes what is being counted.

GNP ↗GDP ↗national incomeeconomic output

Common collocations

Nouns

Adverbs

Phrases

  • GNP per capita
  • real GNP
  • nominal GNP

Prepositions

Etymology

Old FrenchLatinEnglish

GNP is an initialism — each letter represents the first letter of a word in the full term 'Gross National Product'. The word 'gross' comes from Old French 'gros' meaning 'large' or 'whole', and entered English in the 14th century. 'National' derives from Latin 'natio' ('birth' or 'people'), and 'product' from Latin 'producere' ('to bring forth'). The combined economic term 'gross national product' was coined in the early 20th century as governments began measuring national economic activity systematically, and the abbreviation GNP became common in post-World War II economic reporting.