singularity
Word family
- singularadjectiveB2
- singularlyadverbC1
Synonym discussion
Sense: noun/2
The singularity refers specifically to the moment AI surpasses human intelligence, triggering runaway change. A technological revolution (like the Industrial Revolution) is broader — it can be gradual and human-led, unfolding over generations. A paradigm shift (from Thomas Kuhn) describes a change in fundamental assumptions within a field of study, not necessarily driven by technology; the shift from Newtonian to Einsteinian physics is a classic example. An inflection point is the most general term: any moment when a trend changes direction sharply. An intelligence explosion (coined by I.J. Good) is the closest relative — it describes the feedback loop where smarter AI builds even smarter AI — but it focuses on the mechanism rather than the event itself. The singularity is thus one specific kind of inflection point, one so extreme that everything after it becomes unpredictable. Think: the Industrial Revolution took two centuries; the singularity, once triggered, might reshape society in hours.
Common collocations
Prepositions
- singularity of
Etymology
From Latin singularis meaning 'alone, single, unique' (from singulus 'one, individual'), passing through Old French singuler and entering Middle English as 'singular.' The core meaning of 'being the only one of its kind' dates to the 14th century. The mathematical sense — a point where a function breaks down — developed in the 17th century with the rise of calculus. The technological sense was coined by mathematician John von Neumann in the 1950s and popularised by science-fiction writer Vernor Vinge in the 1980s and 1990s, referring to a future point beyond which human prediction becomes impossible.
First known use
14th century
14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1