the book
Synonym discussion
Sense: idiom/1
Among words that overlap with 'the book' in its sense of governing principles, each carries a different weight. 'The rules' is the most everyday term — you follow the rules of a board game or a classroom. 'The regulations' belongs to officialdom: government agencies issue regulations, and the tone is bureaucratic. 'The code' implies a shared ethical or professional framework (a code of conduct, a dress code) and often carries moral weight. 'The standards' focuses on quality benchmarks rather than behavioural rules — a product meets standards; a person follows the book. 'The book' itself suggests an authoritative, complete written reference that leaves little room for personal judgment. For example, a health inspector who goes by the book fines the restaurant for every violation, no exceptions — unlike someone who applies common sense and lets minor issues slide.
Etymology
The phrase 'the book' as a symbol of authority and rules comes from the long tradition of written codes — law books, religious texts like the Bible ('the Good Book'), and official rule books in sports and professions. The expression 'by the book' first appeared in English in the early 19th century, originally referring to following the exact words of a legal or religious text. The telephone-directory sense emerged in the early 20th century as phone books became common household items; in many English-speaking communities, 'the book' alone was understood to mean the phone directory without further explanation.