untrained
/ˌʌnˈtreɪnd/ (bre, ipa) · [əntrˈend] /ˌʌnˈtreɪnd/ (ame, ipa) · [əntrˈend] /ˌən-ˈtrānd How to pronounce untrained (audio)/ (ame, mw)
untrained — adjective
- untrainedpositive
- more untrainedcomparative
- most untrainedsuperlative
1. describes a person who has not received any preparation or practice for a specif
describes a person who has not received any preparation or practice for a specific type of work or activity
The hospital hired several untrained volunteers to help during the emergency.
untrained + noun describing a person
An untrained driver should not attempt to park in such a tight space.
Xiu felt nervous about her first day because she was completely untrained for the job.
The company refused to let untrained staff operate the heavy machinery.
Without a qualified teacher the untrained students struggled to learn the basics.
- unskilled
focuses more on lack of ability rather than lack of formal teaching
- inexperienced
emphasises limited time doing the work more than absence of instruction
- unqualified
stresses that the person does not meet the official requirements for a role
文法句型
be + untrained
untrained + noun
用法筆記
Frequently used attributively before job-related nouns such as worker, staff, volunteer, or driver.
常見錯誤
2. used about someone looking at or listening to something who lacks the practised
used about someone looking at or listening to something who lacks the practised ability to make accurate judgements or notice fine details
To an untrained eye the two paintings are almost identical.
phrase: to the untrained eye
The untrained observer could not tell that the garden had been carefully redesigned.
Reema missed the wrong note because of her untrained ear for classical music.
What looks like an ordinary knot to an untrained person requires great skill to tie.
Vinícius tried to repair the watch himself but his untrained hands caused more damage.
- expert
having the deep knowledge that comes from training and experience
- professional
working at a level that requires formal training
文法句型
the untrained + noun
to the untrained + noun
用法筆記
Most common in the fixed phrase to the untrained eye or an untrained observer. Often paired with body-part nouns such as eye, ear, or hand.
常見錯誤
3. refers to an animal that has not learned the behaviours expected for living alon
refers to an animal that has not learned the behaviours expected for living alongside people or for performing useful tasks
The untrained puppy chewed through three pairs of shoes in one week.
untrained + domestic animal
Rescuing an untrained horse requires patience and a gentle approach.
Untrained dogs often pull on the lead because they have never learned to walk calmly.
The farmer could not use the untrained ox for plowing the fields.
Mira adopted an untrained kitten and taught it to use the litter box.
- undisciplined
focuses on the animal's behaviour rather than its lack of instruction
- unhousebroken
specifically about toilet training for dogs and cats
- house-trained
specifically about indoor toilet habits
- trained
taught commands or tasks
文法句型
untrained + noun (animal)
用法筆記
Typically describes domestic animals (dogs, horses, cats) that have not been house-trained or taught basic commands. Carries a connotation of temporary lack rather than permanent wildness.
常見錯誤
4. in computing describes an algorithm or model that has not yet been given example
in computing describes an algorithm or model that has not yet been given example data from which it can learn patterns
The untrained model produced random guesses before learning from any data.
untrained + model (machine-learning context)
Yara uploaded the training images and started feeding them to the untrained system.
An untrained algorithm simply picks random answers until it sees enough examples.
Running an untrained neural network on real data will give you useless results.
The team prepared the untrained classifier and then loaded the labelled data set.
- uninitialised
a narrower term; refers to a system whose parameters have not been set at all
- unfitted
suggests the model has no prior weights or parameters
- trained
having learned from data and ready for inference
- fine-tuned
further adjusted after initial training
文法句型
untrained + noun (computing model/algorithm/system)
用法筆記
Primarily used in computing contexts such as machine learning, artificial intelligence, and data science. Distinguish from sense 1: this sense applies only to software systems, not people.