condense
/kənˈdens/ (bre, ipa) · /kənˈdens/ (ame, ipa) · /kən-ˈden(t)s/ (ame, mw)
condense — 動詞
- condensepresent simple I / you / we / they
- condenseshe / she / it
- condensedpast simple
- condensing-ing form
1. to make a speech, article, book, or other written text shorter while keeping the
濃縮；精簡
使文字或演說變得簡短扼要
to make a speech, article, book, or other written text shorter while keeping the most important content, typically by cutting out unnecessary words or details
Felix condensed his PhD dissertation into a fifteen-page journal article for a wider audience.
Felix 把他的博士論文濃縮成一篇十五頁的期刊文章，讓更多讀者能夠閱讀。
condensed his PhD dissertation into
The professor asked each student to condense the two-hundred-page novel into a one-page summary.
教授要求每位學生把這本兩百頁的小說濃縮成一頁的重點摘要。
condense the two-hundred-page novel into
During the editing stage, the journalist condensed the interview transcripts into a crisp newspaper column.
在編輯階段，記者把訪談記錄精簡成一篇精簡的報紙專欄。
Had the speaker condensed her opening remarks, the audience would not have grown restless.
如果那位講者把開場白濃縮一些，聽眾就不會坐立不安了。
A good policy brief condenses months of research data into three clear pages for decision-makers.
一份好的政策摘要能將數個月的研究數據濃縮成三頁，方便決策者閱讀。
- abridge
more formal; used mainly for written texts such as novels or dictionaries
- abbreviate
used when shortening a word or phrase to a few letters, not for full texts
- summarise
focuses on giving the main points rather than compressing the original text
文法句型
condense + noun (speech/article/book) + into + noun
用法筆記
Frequently used with the preposition *into* to introduce the shorter form that results. The subject is usually a person, but the verb can also take an abstract subject (e.g. *the report condenses …*).
常見錯誤
2. to make a liquid become denser and more concentrated by heating it so that water
濃縮；收汁
加熱使液體變稠、濃度提高
to make a liquid become denser and more concentrated by heating it so that water is released as steam, or to become thicker in this way
Nadia let the chicken stock simmer for an hour until it condensed into a rich, flavourful base for the stew.
Nadia 把雞湯小火熬煮了一個小時，直到湯汁濃縮成濃郁的燉湯底。
condensed into a rich, flavourful base
The factory condenses fresh milk by removing more than half of the water content to make evaporated milk.
這間工廠先去除鮮奶中超過一半的水分，將牛奶濃縮製成煉乳。
condenses fresh milk by removing
If you boil the maple sap for a few hours, it will gradually condense into thick syrup.
如果你把楓樹汁液煮上幾個小時，它會慢慢濃縮成濃稠的糖漿。
Chef Haruki condenses the tomato sauce by simmering it uncovered until it reaches the right thickness.
主廚 Haruki 用不加蓋的方式熬煮番茄醬汁，讓它慢慢收汁到適當的濃稠度。
Orange juice concentrate is made when the juice is condensed under vacuum to preserve its flavour.
柳橙濃縮汁是在真空環境下將果汁濃縮製成，以保留其風味。
- concentrate
more common in everyday cooking and chemistry; can also apply to non-liquids (e.g. concentrate flavours)
- reduce
a cooking term meaning to boil a liquid so that it thickens and becomes more intense in flavour
文法句型
condense + noun (soup/sauce/milk) + by + -ing
condense + into + noun
用法筆記
In cooking contexts this sense describes a deliberate process (e.g. boiling down a sauce). In chemistry it can also describe natural concentration. The intransitive use (*the liquid condenses*) is less common in everyday speech.
常見錯誤
3. when a gas or vapour cools down and turns into a liquid, or to cause a gas to ch
凝結
氣體冷卻後變成液體，或使之轉變
when a gas or vapour cools down and turns into a liquid, or to cause a gas to change into a liquid by cooling it
After a hot shower, water vapour condenses on the bathroom mirror, leaving it foggy.
洗完熱水澡後，水蒸氣會在浴室鏡子上凝結，讓鏡面霧濛濛的。
condenses on the bathroom mirror
The cold glass of lemonade caused moisture from the warm air to condense into droplets on its surface.
冰涼的檸檬水讓空氣中的水氣在杯壁表面凝結成一顆顆水滴。
condense into droplets on its surface
In a distillation apparatus, the hot vapour passes through a cooling tube where it condenses back into a pure liquid.
在蒸餾裝置中，高溫蒸氣流經冷卻管後會凝結回純淨液體。
Omar noticed that his breath condensed into tiny white puffs on the freezing morning air.
Omar 發現他呼出的氣在寒冷的早晨空氣中凝結成一團團小小的白霧。
The laboratory machine condenses steam by passing it through a coil surrounded by cold water.
實驗室機器讓蒸氣通過浸泡在冷水中的線圈，從而使其凝結。
- precipitate
formal, meteorological term; water vapour precipitates as rain or dew
- liquefy
to turn a gas into a liquid; broader than condense because it can also happen through pressure
文法句型
condense on + noun (surface)
condense into + noun (liquid/droplets)
condense from + noun (vapour)
用法筆記
This is the most common sense in science contexts. The intransitive form (*steam condenses on the window*) is frequent in everyday descriptions of weather and household phenomena. The transitive form (*the machine condenses the vapour*) is typical of technical or laboratory descriptions.