delirium
/dɪˈlɪriəm/ (bre, ipa) · /dɪˈlɪriəm/ (ame, ipa) · /di-ˈlir-ē-əm/ (ame, mw)
delirium — 名詞
1. a temporary medical condition in which a person has confused thoughts, cannot sp
譫妄
因疾病或藥物導致的精神混亂
a temporary medical condition in which a person has confused thoughts, cannot speak clearly, and may see or hear things that are not real, usually caused by a high fever, a serious illness, or the effects of drugs or alcohol
Zayd's fever was so high that he slipped into delirium, talking to people who were not in the room.
Zayd 的高燒非常嚴重，整個人陷入譫妄狀態，開始對著空房間裡的人講話。
slipped into delirium — verb + preposition pattern for onset
The elderly patient was in delirium for two days after her surgery, unable to recognize her own daughter.
那位年長病患在術後連續兩天處於譫妄狀態，連自己的女兒都認不出來。
in delirium — prepositional phrase describing current state
Hao's delirium made him shout at invisible people while nurses tied his hands to the hospital bed.
Hao 的譫妄發作讓他對著看不見的人大吼大叫，護士只好把他的雙手綁在病床欄杆上。
Nurses checked on Samir every hour during the night, watching for signs of fever and delirium.
護理人員每小時都去查看 Samir，留意他是否出現發燒和譫妄的跡象。
It took several days for Sofie to recover from the delirium brought on by the brain infection.
Sofie 花了幾天才從腦部感染引起的譫妄中恢復過來。
- feverishness
more general; refers to the physical symptom rather than the full mental state
- hallucination
focuses only on seeing/hearing unreal things, not the broader confusion state
- disorientation
a milder symptom; delirium includes disorientation plus other features
- lucidity
the state of being clear-minded and able to think normally
文法句型
delirium (caused by/from [cause])
in delirium
delirium + of + [cause]
用法筆記
In medical use, delirium is a specific clinical diagnosis (DSM-5), not simply confusion or disorientation. Distinguish from sense 1 (MEDICAL CONFUSION) versus sense 2 (WILD EXCITEMENT) by context: the medical sense is always associated with illness, drugs, or physiological causes.
常見錯誤
2. a feeling of wild excitement, extreme happiness, or intense emotional energy tha
狂喜；狂熱
極度興奮或快樂的狀態
a feeling of wild excitement, extreme happiness, or intense emotional energy that takes hold of a person, especially during a celebration, a thrilling event, or a moment of great success
The crowd was in a delirium of excitement when Madison scored the winning goal in the final minute.
當 Madison 在最後一分鐘踢進致勝球時，全場觀眾陷入了瘋狂的興奮之中。
in a delirium of [emotion] — prepositional pattern for figurative sense
Ryo experienced a brief delirium of joy when he heard that his music album had reached number one.
Ryo 得知自己的音樂專輯登上排行榜第一名時，經歷了一陣短暫的狂喜。
delirium of joy — common noun + of + emotion collocation
Anong's wedding day passed in a happy delirium, with music, dancing, and laughter filling every moment.
Anong 的婚禮在歡樂的狂熱氛圍中度過，每個時刻都充滿了音樂、舞蹈和笑聲。
The stadium erupted into pure delirium after the team won its first championship in thirty years.
這支球隊三十年來首次奪冠後，整個體育館爆發出純粹的狂熱。
Ife was swept up in the delirium of a crowd that sang every word back to the band.
Ife 沉浸在群眾的狂熱中——全場觀眾對著樂團唱出每一句歌詞。
- calm
a state of quietness and emotional control
文法句型
delirium of [emotion/noun]
in a delirium of [emotion]
用法筆記
When used figuratively, delirium is always an extreme state — it would not describe mild enjoyment or ordinary happiness. Subject is typically a person or a crowd; the emotion is specified with 'of' (e.g., 'delirium of joy').