harbour
/ˈhɑːbə(r)/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈhɑːrbər/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈhɑː.bər/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈhɑːr.bɚ/ (ame, ipa)
harbour — 名詞
- harboursingular
- harboursplural
1. a coastal inlet or bay where stone walls or surrounding land keep the water calm
港口；港灣
船隻停泊和避風的水域
a coastal inlet or bay where stone walls or surrounding land keep the water calm, giving ships a safe place to anchor or stay
The fishing boats returned to the harbour before the storm hit.
漁船在暴風雨來襲前回到了港口。
noun + preposition: returned to the harbour
Talia stood on the pier watching the ships enter the harbour at sunset.
Talia 站在碼頭上，看著船隻在日落時駛入港灣。
The old harbour has been rebuilt to handle much larger container ships.
舊港口已經重建，能夠容納更大的貨櫃船。
Samir's family lived in a small village near a natural harbour on the west coast.
Samir 一家住在西海岸一個天然港灣附近的小村莊。
During the war the harbour was protected by heavy steel nets stretched across the entrance.
戰爭期間，這個港口入口處架設了厚重的鋼網來防禦。
- port
emphasises commercial trade or passenger terminals rather than natural shelter
- marina
a smaller harbour designed for leisure boats and yachts, with facilities like fuel and restaurants
- dock
a specific enclosed area within a harbour where ships are loaded, unloaded, or repaired
- haven
a poetic or literary term for any place of safety, not limited to waterways
- open sea
the unprotected ocean beyond the coastline
文法句型
in + harbour
into + harbour
harbour + noun (compound)
用法筆記
The US spelling is harbor. Harbour is frequently used in place names (Pearl Harbour, Sydney Harbour). Unlike a port, a harbour emphasizes natural shelter rather than commercial cargo facilities.
常見錯誤
harbour — 動詞
- harbourpresent simple I / you / we / they
- harbours3rd person singular
- harbouring-ing form
- harbouredpast simple
1. to keep a particular thought, feeling, or belief in your mind for a long time, e
懷有；心存
長時間保持某種想法或感受
to keep a particular thought, feeling, or belief in your mind for a long time, especially a negative one such as anger, doubt, or resentment
Obi harboured doubts about the plan but did not want to upset anyone.
Obi 對這個計畫心存疑慮，但不願說出來讓大家不開心。
harbour + doubts + about [something]
Vinícius has harboured a grudge against his cousin since the argument at the wedding.
Vinícius 自從婚禮上那次爭吵後，就一直對他的表弟懷恨在心。
present perfect: has harboured a grudge
Shirin never harboured any desire to leave her hometown and raise a family elsewhere.
Shirin 從未懷有離開家鄉到別處成家立業的念頭。
For years the community harboured deep suspicions about the chemicals the factory was releasing.
多年來，這個小社區一直對工廠排放的化學物質深存疑慮。
Élise still harbours the hope that her missing cat will one day come back home.
Élise 仍抱著一絲希望，覺得她那隻走失的貓總有一天會回家。
文法句型
harbour + noun (feeling/thought)
harbour + no article + noun
用法筆記
Frequently used with negative nouns: grudge, resentment, doubt, suspicion, bitterness, hostility. Used less often with positive nouns: hope, ambition, dream. The verb is formal; in casual conversation, 'keep' or 'hold onto' is more common.
常見錯誤
2. to give shelter or protection to someone who is being chased by the police or by
窩藏；庇護
藏匿被追捕的人或非法物品
to give shelter or protection to someone who is being chased by the police or by another authority, or to keep something illegal hidden
The farmer was arrested for harbouring fugitives in his barn without telling anyone.
那名農民因在穀倉裡窩藏逃犯而被捕。
passive: arrested for harbouring + fugitives
Ari knew that keeping the stolen jewellery meant he was legally harbouring stolen property.
Ari 知道保留那些被偷的珠寶，在法律上就等於窩藏贓物。
harbouring stolen property — legal context
Some villagers secretly harboured the escaped prisoners despite knowing the harsh penalties for doing so.
有些村民明知後果嚴重，還是偷偷庇護了那些越獄的囚犯。
The court found that the company had been harbouring illegal funds in offshore accounts for over a decade.
法院判定該公司十多年來一直在海外帳戶中藏匿非法資金。
文法句型
harbour + noun (person/criminal/stolen goods)
用法筆記
Common in legal and crime-reporting contexts. The object is typically a person (fugitive, criminal, suspect) or illegal items (stolen goods, contraband). Note the distinction from sense 1: this sense involves physical concealment, not mental states.
常見錯誤
3. to contain and potentially spread harmful microorganisms such as bacteria or vir
攜帶；帶有
體內含可致病的微生物
to contain and potentially spread harmful microorganisms such as bacteria or viruses, often without showing any signs of illness oneself
Rats can harbour bacteria that cause serious diseases such as leptospirosis in humans.
老鼠可能攜帶會使人類罹患鉤端螺旋體病等嚴重疾病的細菌。
harbour + bacteria that cause [disease]
Tests showed that the patient was harbouring a drug-resistant strain of the tuberculosis virus.
檢驗結果顯示該患者體內帶有耐藥性的結核病毒菌株。
passive: was harbouring + strain of [virus]
Warm and damp conditions allow mould to harbour allergens that can trigger asthma attacks.
潮濕溫暖的環境會讓黴菌攜帶過敏原，進而誘發氣喘。
Some insects harbour parasites inside their bodies without the parasites causing obvious harm.
有些昆蟲體內寄生著寄生蟲，但這些寄生蟲並未對昆蟲造成明顯傷害。
文法句型
harbour + noun (bacteria/virus/pathogen)
用法筆記
Distinguish from 'carry' or 'transmit'. Harbouring focuses on the presence of the microorganism within a host or substance, while 'transmit' focuses on the act of passing it to another. The host does not necessarily show symptoms.