hydr

IPA/hˈaɪdə/
IPA/hˈaɪdɚ/

hydr — 構詞成分

1. a prefix that means 'water' or 'relating to water' — used to form words dealing

1.構詞成分B2
釋義

水；水的

表示「水」或「與水相關」的連結形

a prefix that means 'water' or 'relating to water' — used to form words dealing with water as a substance, body of water, or the movement of water.

例句

A fire hydrant provides water for firefighters in an emergency.

消防栓能在緊急情況下為消防員提供水。

hydr- in hydrant = water supply device

Sofia is studying hydrology, the science of how water moves through the ground and rivers.

Sofia 正在研究水文學，一門關於水如何在地面與河流中移動的科學。

hydrology = study of water

同義詞
  • aqua-

    Latin-based equivalent used in fewer technical English words (e.g., aquatic, aquarium)

文法句型

hydr- + noun

hydro- + adjective/noun

用法筆記

This is the most common sense of the combining form. It appears as hydr- before consonants and hydro- before vowels (e.g., hydroelectric, not hydrelectric).

常見錯誤

❌The fire hydrant provides liquid to put out fires.
✅The fire hydrant provides water to put out fires.
💡hydr- in hydrant specifically refers to water, not any liquid.

2. a prefix that means 'liquid' or 'fluid' — used mainly in technical words about t

2.構詞成分C1
釋義

液體；流體

表示「液體」或「流體」的連結形

a prefix that means 'liquid' or 'fluid' — used mainly in technical words about the behaviour of liquids under pressure or in motion.

例句

Hydraulic presses use liquid under high pressure to shape metal sheets.

液壓機利用高壓液體將金屬板壓成型。

hydraulic = operated by liquid pressure

A car's braking system relies on hydraulics to transfer force from the pedal to the wheels.

汽車的煞車系統依靠液壓裝置將力量從踏板傳遞到車輪。

hydraulics = liquid-based mechanical system

同義詞
  • fluid-

    less common as a prefix; 'fluidic' is a related term in engineering

文法句型

hydr- + noun/adjective

hydro- + noun/adjective

用法筆記

Distinguish from sense 1 (WATER): sense 2 refers to any liquid or fluid regardless of chemical composition, while sense 1 is restricted to water. Hydraulic systems use oil, not water, yet the prefix still applies.

常見錯誤

❌Hydraulic fluid is always water-based.
✅Hydraulic fluid is often oil-based.
💡hydr- in this sense means 'liquid/fluid' broadly, not specifically water.

3. a prefix that means 'hydrogen' or 'containing hydrogen' — used in chemistry to n

3.構詞成分C1
釋義

氫；含氫的

表示「氫」或「含氫化合物」的連結形

a prefix that means 'hydrogen' or 'containing hydrogen' — used in chemistry to name compounds or reactions that involve the element hydrogen.

例句

Methane is the simplest hydrocarbon, made of one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms.

甲烷是最簡單的碳氫化合物，由一個碳原子和四個氫原子組成。

hydrocarbon = compound of hydrogen and carbon

Dr. Chen studied how hydrogenation turns liquid vegetable oils into solid margarine.

陳博士研究了氫化反應如何將液態植物油轉化為固態人造奶油。

hydrogenation = adding hydrogen to a compound

文法句型

hydro- + noun/adjective (chemical terms)

用法筆記

In chemical terms, hydro- before a halogen name means 'containing hydrogen and that halogen' (e.g., hydrobromic acid = HBr). Before a non-metal name it often signals a binary acid (e.g., hydrofluoric acid = HF).

常見錯誤

❌Hydrocarbon means containing water and carbon.
✅Hydrocarbon means containing hydrogen and carbon.
💡hydro- in chemistry names refers to the element hydrogen, not water.

4. a prefix that means 'relating to the Hydra genus of cnidarians or similar small

4.構詞成分C2
釋義

水螅；水螅類

表示「水螅屬」或類似海洋動物的連結形

a prefix that means 'relating to the Hydra genus of cnidarians or similar small marine animals' — used in animal classification terms.

例句

A hydroid colony looks like a tiny plant but is actually a group of small marine animals related to jellyfish.

水螅群體看起來像一株微小的植物，但實際上是一群與水母相關的小型海洋動物。

hydroid = animal from the Hydra group

The marine biology class examined hydrozoans under the microscope to see their stinging cells.

海洋生物學課程的學生在顯微鏡下觀察水螅蟲綱動物，查看牠們的刺細胞。

hydrozoan = class of Hydroid-related animals

文法句型

hydro- + noun (zoological terms)

用法筆記

This is a highly specialised zoological sense. The word hydra (without combining-form hyphen) is the common noun for the freshwater creature; the combining form hydro- appears in formal taxonomic names.