meiosis
meiosis — 名詞
1. the process in which a cell splits twice to create four sex cells, each holding
減數分裂
細胞分裂產生生殖細胞的過程
the process in which a cell splits twice to create four sex cells, each holding only half the chromosomes of the starting cell; it takes place in organisms that reproduce by mating.
During meiosis, a single human cell produces four sperm cells, each containing twenty-three chromosomes.
在減數分裂過程中，一個人體細胞會產生四個精子細胞，每個含有二十三條染色體。
produces four gametes each with half chromosomes
In a tulip anther, meiosis turns one pollen mother cell into four separate pollen grains.
在鬱金香的花藥中，減數分裂會將一個花粉母細胞轉變為四個獨立的花粉粒。
meiosis in reproductive organ produces pollen
A mistake in meiosis can give a fertilized egg the wrong number of chromosomes.
減數分裂出錯可能會導致受精卵的染色體數量異常。
errors lead to abnormal chromosome count
Unlike mitosis, meiosis creates genetically varied cells that are essential for sexual reproduction.
與有絲分裂不同，減數分裂會產生遺傳上多樣的細胞，對有性生殖至關重要。
contrasted with mitosis for unique role
- cell
- division
- chromosome
- genetic
- meiotic
- reduction division
a less common term that highlights the halving of chromosome number; meiosis is the standard modern term
- mitosis
cell division that produces two genetically identical daughter cells with the full chromosome number
用法筆記
Frequently contrasted with mitosis, in which a cell divides once to produce two identical daughter cells with the same chromosome number as the parent cell.
常見錯誤
2. a rhetorical device in which the speaker intentionally makes something seem less
曲言法
以反語減輕語氣的修辭手法
a rhetorical device in which the speaker intentionally makes something seem less important or serious than it really is, often by using a negative to affirm the opposite, such as describing a massive earthquake as "rather noticeable shaking."
Calling a category-five hurricane "a spot of unpleasant weather" is a classic example of meiosis.
把五級颶風稱為「天氣有點不愉快」，就是曲言法製造諷刺效果的經典例子。
downplaying for ironic effect
The novelist used meiosis when a character called her mansion "a slightly run-down old place."
那位小說家使用了曲言法，讓角色把自己搖搖欲墜的祖宅形容為「稍微有點老舊的小地方」。
characters own words as understatement
A critic called a disastrous movie "not the best two hours I have ever spent."
有位影評人曾把一部災難級的電影形容為「不是我度過最好的兩小時」。
negation of contrary (litotes subtype)
Saying the billionaire "does quite well for himself" is meiosis — he owns three private jets.
說那位億萬富翁「日子過得還不錯」就是曲言法——他可是擁有三架私人飛機。
ironic gap between words and reality
- understatement
the general term; meiosis is the specific rhetorical figure, usually with ironic or humorous intent
- litotes
a specific subtype of meiosis that uses negation of the contrary (e.g., "not bad" meaning "very good")
- hyperbole
deliberate exaggeration for effect, the opposite of meiosis
用法筆記
Often overlaps with litotes, though some rhetoricians treat litotes as a narrower term referring specifically to negation of the contrary (e.g., "not bad" for "very good"), whereas meiosis covers any deliberate understatement.
常見錯誤
同根字
- meiotic形容詞C1
- meiotically副詞C1
常見搭配
常用片語
- meiosis and mitosis
- stages of meiosis
介系詞搭配
- during meiosis
- in meiosis