tariff
/ˈtærɪf/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈtærɪf/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈter-əf ˈta-rəf/ (ame, mw)
tariff — 名詞
- tariffsingular
- tariffsplural
1. a charge that a country places on goods arriving from another country across its
關稅
政府對進出口貨物徵收的稅
a charge that a country places on goods arriving from another country across its border, or on goods being sent abroad — used to manage trade or protect local businesses
The government added a 25% tariff on imported steel last year.
政府去年對進口鋼鐵加徵了 25% 的關稅。
tariff + on + imported product
Tariffs on foreign grain were raised to protect farmers across Mexico.
墨西哥提高了外國玉米的關稅，以保護當地農民。
After Kenya lowered its tariff on rice from Thailand, traders in Nairobi could sell it at lower prices.
肯亞降低泰國稻米的關稅後，奈洛比的商人得以以便宜的價格出售。
A new tariff on Chinese cars made them more expensive for European buyers.
對中國汽車徵收的新關稅使歐洲買家的購車成本提高。
Reema studied how import tariffs affect the price of everyday consumer goods.
Reema 研究了進口關稅如何影響日常消費品的價格。
- duty
Very close synonym, but 'duty' can also apply to legal transactions (e.g. stamp duty) whereas 'tariff' is specifically about trade goods.
- levy
A broader term for any imposed tax; 'levy' can apply to income, property, or trade, while 'tariff' is trade-specific.
- customs
Refers both to import taxes and the government agency that collects them; 'tariff' names the tax structure itself.
- subsidy
A government payment that supports an industry, the opposite of taxing imported goods.
用法筆記
Often used in the plural ('tariffs') when referring broadly to a country's overall system of import taxes.
常見錯誤
2. a published list of charges that a hotel asks for rooms, a restaurant for meals,
收費表
旅館、餐廳等提供的固定價格列表
a published list of charges that a hotel asks for rooms, a restaurant for meals, or a utility company for services like gas or electricity supply
The hotel tariff for a double room is printed inside the wardrobe door.
這家飯店的雙人房收費表貼在衣櫃門內側。
hotel tariff for [room type]
Élise checked the restaurant tariff before ordering a meal for the whole group.
Élise 在為全團點餐前先查看了餐廳的收費表。
This winter, the electricity company announced a new tariff for household customers.
今年冬天，電力公司宣布了新的家庭用戶收費標準。
Diego compared the tariffs of three mobile phone plans before choosing one.
Diego 比較了三家手機方案的收費標準後才選擇了一個。
The train company published its summer tariff with discounts for group travel.
鐵路公司發布了夏季收費表，團體旅遊享有折扣。
- price list
More general and widely understood across all English varieties; 'tariff' in this sense is chiefly British.
- rate card
Common in advertising and media; a formal list of charges for services.
- schedule of charges
More formal; used in legal and utility contexts.
用法筆記
Primarily British English; in American English, 'rate sheet' or 'price list' is more common for this sense.
常見錯誤
3. the specific length of time set by a court as the minimum period a criminal must
最低刑期
法院對罪犯判定的最低監禁時間
the specific length of time set by a court as the minimum period a criminal must spend in prison before becoming eligible for parole — especially for serious crimes such as murder
The judge set a minimum tariff of fifteen years for the armed robbery.
法官對這起武裝搶劫案設定了至少十五年的最低刑期。
minimum tariff of [number] years
Under British law, the tariff is the shortest time a murderer must serve.
根據英國法律，最低刑期是殺人犯必須服刑的最短時間。
Amihan argued in court that the tariff was too strict for a first-time offender.
Amihan 在法庭上主張，對於初犯者來說，這個最低刑期過於嚴苛。
The appeal court agreed to reduce his tariff from twelve years to eight.
上訴法院同意將他的最低刑期從十二年縮短為八年。
A life sentence with a thirty-year tariff means at least thirty years in prison.
終身監禁附加三十年的最低刑期意味著至少要在獄中度過三十年。
- minimum term
The plain-English equivalent used in modern UK sentencing documents; 'tariff' is the older legal term.
- sentence
A broader term covering any court-ordered punishment; 'tariff' specifically means the minimum custodial portion.
用法筆記
Chiefly used in UK sentencing law. Sometimes called the 'minimum term' or 'custodial tariff'. Not to be confused with the US legal term 'mandatory minimum' — the tariff is set by the judge within a range.
常見錯誤
tariff — 動詞
- tariffpresent simple I / you / we / they
- tariffs3rd person singular
- tariffing-ing form
- tariffedpast simple
1. to charge a government tax on goods that enter or leave a country — that is, to
課徵關稅
對進口或出口貨物課徵關稅
to charge a government tax on goods that enter or leave a country — that is, to apply a tariff to imported or exported products
The government decided to tariff all imported luxury cars at thirty percent.
政府決定對所有進口豪華汽車課徵百分之三十的關稅。
tariff [product] at [percentage]
Noor's company paid extra because the parts were tariffed at the border.
Noor 的公司需要額外付費，因為貨物在邊境被課徵了關稅。
passive: be tariffed at [location]
Yuki argued that the new policy would unfairly tariff goods from poor nations.
Yuki 認為這項新政策會不公平地對貧窮國家的商品課徵關稅。
The committee voted to tariff steel imports in order to protect local jobs.
委員會投票決定對進口鋼鐵課徵關稅，以保護本地就業機會。
Many electronic products are tariffed at a rate that changes every quarter.
許多電子產品按每季變動的稅率被課徵關稅。
- impose a tariff on
A phrasal alternative used when the verb form feels unnatural; more common in news reporting.
- levy (a duty on)
Broader term; 'levy' can apply to any tax, not only border taxes.
- deregulate
To remove trade restrictions, which is the opposite direction from imposing tariffs.
文法句型
tariff + noun phrase
be tarifffed + at + [percentage/rate]
用法筆記
Almost always used in the passive voice ('goods are tarifffed') or as a past-participle adjective ('tarifffed imports'). The simple active form is rare in everyday speech.