cosmopolitan
/ˌkɒzməˈpɒlɪtən/ (bre, ipa) · /ˌkɑːzməˈpɑːlɪtən/ (ame, ipa) · /ˌkäz-mə-ˈpä-lə-tən/ (ame, mw) · /ˌkɒz.məˈpɒl.ɪ.tən/ (bre, ipa) · /ˌkɑːz.məˈpɑː.lɪ.t̬ən/ (ame, ipa)
cosmopolitan — adjective
- cosmopolitanpositive
- more cosmopolitancomparative
- most cosmopolitansuperlative
1. Describes a place where various nationalities, cuisines, arts, and traditions co
Describes a place where various nationalities, cuisines, arts, and traditions come together; also describes a person who easily adapts to and understands different ways of life across the world.
London is one of the most cosmopolitan cities in the world, with over 250 languages spoken.
superlative 'one of the most cosmopolitan'
The cosmopolitan atmosphere of the festival attracted musicians from five continents.
collocation 'cosmopolitan atmosphere'
Heloísa feels at home in the cosmopolitan neighborhood where twelve different languages are spoken.
Bilal developed a cosmopolitan perspective during his years working as a flight attendant.
Having lived in seven countries, Nala has a truly cosmopolitan approach to life.
- multicultural
more factual and neutral; describes the composition of a society without the sophisticated connotation
- worldly
focuses on a person's sophistication gained through experience, not on a place's diversity
- international
broader and more neutral; simply means involving two or more countries
- global
emphasizes worldwide scope or reach rather than cultural diversity
- provincial
limited to a narrow local perspective
- parochial
having a narrow-minded focus on one's own area or group
- insular
isolated from outside influences and uninterested in other cultures
文法句型
cosmopolitan + noun
be/seem/feel + cosmopolitan
用法筆記
Strongly positive in tone. Most commonly used to describe large cities, diverse social environments, and people with broad international experience.
常見錯誤
2. A species or organism that occurs naturally across widely separated continents a
A species or organism that occurs naturally across widely separated continents and climates, not restricted to one specific area.
The peregrine falcon is a cosmopolitan bird species found on every continent except Antarctica.
collocation 'cosmopolitan species'
Dandelions are so cosmopolitan that they grow on almost every continent.
Unlike many island species, the great white shark has a truly cosmopolitan distribution.
Caleb studied how cosmopolitan plant species spread across different climate zones.
- worldwide
more general and common; can describe anything that exists across the world
- global
emphasizes the complete coverage of the earth
- ubiquitous
stronger; suggests something is found everywhere, not just broadly distributed
文法句型
cosmopolitan + noun (species / distribution)
be + cosmopolitan
用法筆記
Primarily used in biology, ecology, and geography. It contrasts with 'endemic' or 'native to a specific region'.
常見錯誤
cosmopolitan — noun
- cosmopolitansingular
- cosmopolitansplural
1. Someone who has visited and resided in numerous countries and navigates differen
Someone who has visited and resided in numerous countries and navigates different cultural and social settings with ease.
A true cosmopolitan, Felix speaks six languages and has friends in every time zone.
pattern 'a true cosmopolitan'
The conference attracted cosmopolitans from the fashion capitals of Milan, Tokyo, and New York.
plural 'cosmopolitans' + from + [city/country]
Kasia calls herself a cosmopolitan — she feels as at home in Seoul as in Warsaw.
Online forums help cosmopolitans share advice about living and working abroad.
Tamar's blog follows the life of a young cosmopolitan navigating expat communities across Asia.
- globetrotter
more informal and emphasizes constant, frequent travel
- world traveler
more literal and neutral; emphasizes the act of traveling
- citizen of the world
more philosophical and idealistic; emphasizes a sense of global belonging
- homebody
someone who prefers to stay at home and rarely travels
- provincial
someone with a narrow, local outlook
文法句型
a + cosmopolitan
true + cosmopolitan
用法筆記
Often implies that the person has the financial or social resources to travel widely, but the emphasis is on attitude and adaptability rather than wealth.
常見錯誤
2. A sweet, pinkish-red cocktail made from vodka, cranberry juice, orange liqueur,
A sweet, pinkish-red cocktail made from vodka, cranberry juice, orange liqueur, and lime juice, usually served in a stemmed glass.
Paul ordered a cosmopolitan while waiting for his flight at the airport bar.
The bartender mixed a perfect cosmopolitan with fresh lime juice and premium vodka.
collocation 'mix / make a cosmopolitan'
Sayaka learned to make cosmopolitans from a recipe her aunt brought back from New York.
Constanza admired the cosmopolitan's bright pink color, which came from the cranberry juice.
文法句型
a + cosmopolitan
make/mix/order + a cosmopolitan
用法筆記
Often shortened to 'cosmo' in informal conversation. The drink gained widespread popularity in the 1990s, partly because of the TV show 'Sex and the City'.