guff

Synonym discussion

Sense: noun/1

All four words describe speech or writing that lacks truth or value, but they differ in register and connotation. 'Nonsense' is the most neutral and widely used — it covers everything from a child's silly idea to a false scientific claim. 'Rubbish' (chiefly British) carries stronger contempt, often implying the speaker believes the content is not just wrong but worthless. 'Baloney' is American and mildly playful, used when dismissing something as exaggerated or unlikely rather than outright false. 'Bunk' (from 'bunkum') is the most dated, often applied to political rhetoric or grand but empty statements. For informal everyday dismissal, 'nonsense' and 'rubbish' are the safest choices; 'baloney' adds a light tone, while 'bunk' sounds deliberately old-fashioned. Example: 'His excuse was nonsense' (neutral), 'That's complete rubbish' (annoyed), 'That's just baloney' (sceptical), 'It's all political bunk' (dismissive with a literary flavour).

Common collocations

Etymology

The origin of 'guff' is uncertain. It first appeared in the early 19th century, possibly imitating a puffing or scoffing sound (onomatopoeic). Some linguists connect it to Scottish and northern English dialect words like 'guff' (to puff, to blow in short bursts) or 'guffish' (foolish, stammering). By the late 1800s it was in use for empty talk or boasting. The modern sense of 'stupid or worthless talk' was well established by the early 20th century.