laborious

IPA/ləˈbɔːriəs/
KK[ləbˈɔriəs]IPA/ləˈbɔːriəs/

laborious — adjective

  • laboriouspositive
  • more laboriouscomparative
  • most laborioussuperlative

1. A laborious task or activity is one that takes a long time and a great deal of p

1.adjectiveB2
Definition

A laborious task or activity is one that takes a long time and a great deal of physical or mental energy to complete — often making you feel exhausted or frustrated.

Example

The research involved the laborious process of checking every historical document by hand.

collocation: laborious process

Alessia found the laborious task of sorting old files both tiring and boring.

pattern: find + object + laborious + noun

Common collocations
  • laborious process
  • laborious task
  • laborious job
  • laborious effort
  • laborious work
  • laborious method
  • slow and laborious
  • laborious + afternoon / morning / week / months / years
Synonyms
  • arduous

    More formal than laborious; strongly suggests sustained physical or mental struggle, often over a long period (e.g. an arduous journey across the mountains)

  • strenuous

    Focuses on the high level of active physical or mental energy needed (e.g. strenuous exercise, strenuous objections)

  • painstaking

    Neutral or slightly positive; highlights careful, thorough attention to detail rather than difficulty or exhaustion (e.g. painstaking research)

  • tiresome

    Emphasises the boredom or frustration caused by a task that feels too long or repetitive, rather than the physical effort

Antonyms
  • effortless

    Describes something that seems to require no hard work at all

  • simple

    Describes something easy to do or understand, involving little time or complexity

Common Mistakes

She is a very laborious worker.
She is a very hardworking worker.
In modern English, laborious describes tasks or processes, not people. The personal meaning ('industrious') is now very rare.
I feel laborious after the long run.
I feel exhausted after the long run.
Laborious describes the activity itself, not how a person feels afterwards.

Word family

Synonym discussion

Sense: adjective/1

All five words describe tasks or activities that are not easy, but each highlights a different aspect. Laborious (the most general) focuses on the combination of time and effort — the task is long and hard. Arduous is more formal and suggests a steep climb or severe challenge, often with a physical or moral dimension (an arduous journey, arduous duties). Strenuous emphasises the high level of active energy required (strenuous exercise, strenuous objection), whereas painstaking is neutral-to-positive and points to careful, unhurried attention to detail (painstaking craftsmanship). Tiresome, by contrast, centres on the emotional result — boredom or impatience — from a task that drags on too long. A research project can be laborious (time-consuming) or painstaking (meticulous) but need not be strenuous (physically draining). A long meeting can be tiresome without being laborious. Choose the word that names the specific burden: time and effort (laborious), severity (arduous), energy output (strenuous), care (painstaking), or tedium (tiresome).

Etymology

LatinFrenchEnglish

From Latin 'laboriosus' (full of toil, troublesome), derived from 'labor' (work, exertion, hardship). The word entered English through Old French 'laborieus' in the 14th century, initially carrying both the sense of 'hardworking' (describing a person) and 'requiring much effort' (describing a task). Over time, the personal meaning faded and the task-oriented meaning became dominant.