animated
Word family
- animateverbB2
- animationnounB1
- animatornounB2
- animatedlyadverbC1
- inanimateadjectiveB2
Synonym discussion
Sense: adjective/1
All four describe situations or people full of positive energy, but with different angles. 'Lively' is the broadest and most neutral — a lively party, a lively discussion, a lively child. 'Spirited' adds courage and determination: a spirited defence of an unpopular opinion suggests boldness, not just excitement. 'Energetic' focuses on physical vigour and stamina: an energetic jogger runs ten kilometres every morning, but an energetic debate would sound odd. 'Vivacious' is reserved for people (almost always women) who are attractively cheerful and bubbly — 'a vivacious hostess' but not 'a vivacious meeting.' For learners, 'lively' is the safest choice in most contexts.
Common collocations
Etymology
From Latin 'anima' meaning 'soul, life, breath', via 'animatus' (endowed with life) into English in the 16th century. The sense of 'energetic, lively' developed first; the film-making meaning appeared around 1900 when early cartoon creators began using 'animate' to describe giving movement to still drawings.