nationalization

1.名詞C1

釋義

when a government takes private companies, factories, or whole industries away from their owners so that the state runs them instead.

例句

After the war, the new government announced the nationalization of all coal mines.

collocation: nationalization of [industry]

Many shareholders lost money during the nationalization of the steel industry in 1967.

同義詞

state takeover
plainer, more journalistic phrasing for the same process
expropriation
stronger; emphasises taking property by force, sometimes without fair payment
public ownership
describes the end state rather than the act

反義詞

privatization
the reverse process: government hands a state-owned industry back to private owners
denationalization
specifically reversing a previous nationalization

文法句型

nationalization of [industry/company]

用法筆記

Uncountable noun; almost always followed by 'of + [industry/company/sector]'. Often appears in contrast with 'privatization' (the reverse process). Common in news writing about post-war Britain, Latin America, and oil-producing states.

常見錯誤

❌The government did a nationalization of the bank.

✅The government carried out the nationalization of the bank.

💡'do a nationalization' is unnatural; use 'carry out / announce / order the nationalization of'.

❌There were many nationalizations last year.

✅There were many cases of nationalization last year.

💡the noun is usually uncountable; avoid the plural unless contrasting separate events.