undulating
/ˈʌn.djʊ.leɪt/ (bre, ipa) · [ˈʌndʒəlˌetɪŋ] /ˈʌn.djʊ.leɪt/ (ame, ipa) · [ˈʌndʒəlˌetɪŋ] /ˈən-jə-lət How to pronounce undulate (audio) ˈən-dyə- How to pronounce undulate (audio) ˈən-də-, -ˌlāt How to pronounce undulate (audio)/ (ame, mw) · /ˈʌndʒəleɪtɪŋ/ (bre, ipa) · [ˈʌndʒəlˌetɪŋ] /ˈʌndʒəleɪtɪŋ/ (ame, ipa)
undulating — verb
- undulatingpresent simple I / you / we / they
- undulatings3rd person singular
- undulatinging-ing form
- undulatingedpast simple
1. to move or stretch across a surface in smooth, rising and falling curves, simila
to move or stretch across a surface in smooth, rising and falling curves, similar to the way ocean waves move
The dirt road undulates gently through the rice fields near Yara's village.
undulate through [place] — movement across a landscape
Samir stood still and watched the wheat field undulate in the afternoon breeze.
A long red silk scarf undulated behind Beatriz as she ran for the bus.
The snake undulated silently across the warm sand and slipped under a rock.
Colourful festival flags undulated above the crowd as the parade passed by.
- flatten
to become level or straight
文法句型
undulate + adverb/preposition
用法筆記
Frequently used to describe landscapes (roads, hills, fields), fabric, or the movement of snakes. Subject is usually a physical surface or object, not a person.
常見錯誤
2. to change smoothly between higher and lower levels of sound, such as pitch, volu
to change smoothly between higher and lower levels of sound, such as pitch, volume, or tone
The singer's voice undulated between a whisper and a powerful cry during the chorus.
undulate between [quiet] and [loud] — pitch/volume contrast
Eli closed his eyes as the violinist's melody undulated through the quiet concert hall.
The professor's voice undulated in a steady rhythm that made the lecture easy to follow.
Beatriz could hear a sad melody undulating softly from the cafe next door.
The hum of the old engine undulated as the truck climbed the steep mountain road.
- rise and fall
more direct and less formal; common in everyday speech
- fluctuate
more general; can apply to sound or other variables like price or temperature
- wobble
less controlled; often suggests instability rather than smooth change
- stabilize
to become steady and unchanging
文法句型
undulate + adverb/preposition
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1: this sense applies to sound or voice, not physical shape or movement. Object is typically a melody, voice, speech, or mechanical sound.
undulating — adjective
- undulatingpositive
- more undulatingcomparative
- most undulatingsuperlative
1. describing a surface, edge, or form that rises and falls in smooth curves like g
describing a surface, edge, or form that rises and falls in smooth curves like gentle waves
The couple bought an old farm with beautiful undulating gardens full of fruit trees.
undulating + noun (garden/landscape)
Nora took photos of the undulating sand dunes as the sun went down.
The artist used undulating lines of blue and green to suggest ocean currents.
Behind the town, the land becomes gently undulating and covered with wildflowers.
The snake left an undulating trail in the soft mud beside the river.
文法句型
undulating + noun
be + undulating
用法筆記
Very commonly describes landscapes (countryside, hills, fields, dunes). Can also describe man-made objects with wavy shapes (roofs, fences, patterns).